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Register a new userScaling limit of soliton lengths in a multicolor box-ball system
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The box-ball systems are integrable cellular automata whose long-time behavior is characterized by the soliton solutions, and have rich connections to other integrable systems such as Korteweg-de Veris equation. In this paper, we consider multicolor box-ball system with two types of random initial configuration and obtain the scaling limit of the soliton lengths as the system size tends to infinity. Our analysis is based on modified Greene-Kleitman invariants for the box-ball systems and associated circular exclusion processes.
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The Box-Ball System, shortly BBS, was introduced by Takahashi and Satsuma as a discrete counterpart of the KdV equation. Both systems exhibit solitons whose shape and speed are conserved after collision with other solitons. We introduce a slot decomposition of ball configurations, each component being an infinite vector describing the number of size $k$ solitons in each $k$-slot. The dynamics of the components is linear: the $k$-th component moves rigidly at speed $k$. Let $zeta$ be a translation invariant family of independent random vectors under a summability condition and $eta$ the ball configuration with components $zeta$. We show that the law of $eta$ is translation invariant and invariant for the BBS. This recipe allows us to construct a big family of invariant measures, including product measures and stationary Markov chains with ball density less than $frac12$. We also show that starting BBS with an ergodic measure, the position of a tagged $k$-soliton at time $t$, divided by $t$ converges as $ttoinfty$ to an effective speed $v_k$. The vector of speeds satisfies a system of linear equations related with the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble of conservative laws.
A nonautonomous version of the ultradiscrete hungry Toda lattice with a finite lattice boundary condition is derived by applying reduction and ultradiscretization to a nonautonomous two-dimensional discrete Toda lattice. It is shown that the derived ultradiscrete system has a direct connection to the box-ball system with many kinds of balls and finite carrier capacity. Particular solutions to the ultradiscrete system are constructed by using the theory of some sort of discrete biorthogonal polynomials.
We consider gradient fields $(phi_x:xin mathbb{Z}^d)$ whose law takes the Gibbs--Boltzmann form $Z^{-1}exp{-sum_{< x,y>}V(phi_y-phi_x)}$, where the sum runs over nearest neighbors. We assume that the potential $V$ admits the representation [V(eta):=-logintvarrho({d}kappa)expbiggl[-{1/2}kappaet a^2biggr],] where $varrho$ is a positive measure with compact support in $(0,infty)$. Hence, the potential $V$ is symmetric, but nonconvex in general. While for strictly convex $V$s, the translation-invariant, ergodic gradient Gibbs measures are completely characterized by their tilt, a nonconvex potential as above may lead to several ergodic gradient Gibbs measures with zero tilt. Still, every ergodic, zero-tilt gradient Gibbs measure for the potential $V$ above scales to a Gaussian free field.
A cellular automaton that is a generalization of the box-ball system with either many kinds of balls or finite carrier capacity is proposed and studied through two discrete integrable systems: nonautonomous discrete KP lattice and nonautonomous discrete two-dimensional Toda lattice. Applying reduction technique and ultradiscretization procedure to these discrete systems, we derive two types of time evolution equations of the proposed cellular automaton, and particular solutions to the ultradiscrete equations.
Tensor models generalize matrix models and generate colored triangulations of pseudo-manifolds in dimensions $Dgeq 3$. The free energies of some models have been recently shown to admit a double scaling limit, i.e. large tensor size $N$ while tuning to criticality, which turns out to be summable in dimension less than six. This double scaling limit is here extended to arbitrary models. This is done by means of the Schwinger--Dyson equations, which generalize the loop equations of random matrix models, coupled to a double scale analysis of the cumulants.
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