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Register a new userCross section of $alpha$-induced reactions on $^{197}$Au at sub-Coulomb energies
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Statistical model calculations have to be used for the determination of reaction rates in large-scale reaction networks for heavy-element nucleosynthesis. A basic ingredient of such a calculation is the a-nucleus optical model potential. Several different parameter sets are available in literature, but their predictions of a-induced reaction rates vary widely, sometimes even exceeding one order of magnitude. This paper presents the result of a-induced reaction cross-section measurements on gold which could be carried out for the first time very close to the astrophysically relevant energy region. The new experimental data are used to test statistical model predictions and to constrain the a-nucleus optical model potential. For the measurements the activation technique was used. The cross section of the (a,n) and (a,2n) reactions was determined from g-ray counting, while that of the radiative capture was determined via X-ray counting. The cross section of the reactions was measured below E$_a=20.0$~MeV. In the case of the $^{197}$Au(a,2n)$^{199}$Tl reaction down to 17.5~MeV with 0.5-MeV steps, reaching closer to the reaction threshold than ever before. The cross section of $^{197}$Au(a,n)$^{200}$Tl and $^{197}$Au(a,g)$^{201}$Tl was measured down to E$_a=13.6$ and 14.0~MeV, respectively, with 0.5-MeV steps above the (a,2n) reaction threshold and with 1.0-MeV steps below that. The new dataset is in agreement with the available values from the literature, but is more precise and extends towards lower energies. Two orders of magnitude lower cross sections were successfully measured than in previous experiments which used g-ray counting only, thus providing experimental data at lower energies than ever before. The new precision dataset allows us to find the best-fit a-nucleus optical model potential and to predict cross sections in the Gamow window with smaller uncertainties.
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Uncertainties in adopted models of particle+nucleus optical-model potentials directly influence the accuracy in the theoretical predictions of reaction rates as they are needed for reaction-network calculations in, for instance, {gamma}-process nucleosynthesis. The improvement of the {alpha}+nucleus optical-model potential is hampered by the lack of experimental data at astrophysically relevant energies especially for heavier nuclei. Measuring the Re187({alpha},n)Ir190 reaction cross section at sub-Coulomb energies extends the scarce experimental data available in this mass region and helps understanding the energy dependence of the imaginary part of the {alpha}+nucleus optical-model potential at low energies. Applying the activation method, after the irradiation of natural rhenium targets with {alpha}-particle energies of 12.4 to 14.1 MeV, the reaction yield and thus the reaction cross section were determined via {gamma}-ray spectroscopy by using the Cologne Clover Counting Setup and the method of {gamma}{gamma} coincidences. Cross-section values at five energies close to the astrophysically relevant energy region were measured. Statistical model calculations revealed discrepancies between the experimental values and predictions based on widely used {alpha}+nucleus optical-model potentials. However, an excellent reproduction of the measured cross-section values could be achieved from calculations based on the so-called Sauerwein-Rauscher {alpha}+nucleus optical-model potential. The results obtained indicate that the energy dependence of the imaginary part of the {alpha}+nucleus optical-model potential can be described by an exponential decrease. Successful reproductions of measured cross sections at low energies for {alpha}-induced reactions in the mass range 141{leq}A{leq}187 confirm the global character of the Sauerwein-Rauscher potential.
[Background] Alpha-nucleus optical potentials are basic ingredients of statistical model calculations used in nucleosynthesis simulations. While the nucleon+nucleus optical potential is fairly well known, for the alpha+nucleus optical potential several different parameter sets exist and large deviations, reaching sometimes even an order of magnitude, are found between the cross section predictions calculated using different parameter sets. [Purpose] A measurement of the radiative alpha-capture and the alpha-induced reaction cross sections on the nucleus 115In at low energies allows a stringent test of statistical model predictions. Since experimental data is scarce in this mass region, this measurement can be an important input to test the global applicability of alpha+nucleus optical model potentials and further ingredients of the statistical model. [Methods] The reaction cross sections were measured by means of the activation method. The produced activities were determined by off-line detection of the gamma-rays and characteristic x-rays emitted during the electron capture decay of the produced Sb isotopes. The 115In(alpha,gamma)119Sb and 115In(alpha,n)118Sbm reaction cross sections were measured between Ec.m. = 8.83 MeV - 15.58 MeV, and the 115In(alpha,n)118Sbg reaction was studied between Ec.m. = 11.10 MeV - 15.58 MeV. The theoretical analysis was performed within the statistical model.
The flux of 7Be and 8B neutrinos from the Sun and the production of 7Li via primordial nucleosynthesis depend on the rate of the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be reaction. In extension of a previous study showing cross section data at 127 - 167 keV center of mass energy, the present work reports on a measurement of the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be cross section at 106 keV performed at Italys Gran Sasso underground laboratory by the activation method. This energy is closer to the solar Gamow energy than ever reached before. The result is sigma = 0.567 +- 0.029(stat) +- 0.016(syst) nbarn. The data are compared with previous activation studies at high energy, and a recommended S(0) value for all 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be activation studies, including the present work, is given.
The cross sections of complete fusion and incomplete fusion for the $ ^{9} $Be + $ ^{197} $Au system, at energies not too much above the Coulomb barrier, were measured for the first time. The online activation followed by offline $gamma$-ray spectroscopy method was used for the derivation of the cross sections. A slightly higher value of ICF/TF ratio has been observed, compared to other systems reported in the literature with $ ^{9} $Be beam. The experimental data were compared with coupled channel calculations without taking into account the coupling of the breakup channel, and experimental data of other reaction systems with weakly bound projectiles. A complete fusion suppression of about 40% was found for the $ ^{9} $Be + $ ^{197} $Au system, at energies above the barrier, whereas the total fusion cross sections are in agreement with the calculations.
Cross sections of alpha particle induced nuclear reactions have been measured on thin natural cadmium targets foils in the energy range from 11 to 51.2 MeV. This work was a part of our systematic study on excitation functions of light ion induced nuclear reactions on different target materials. Regarding the cross sections, the alpha induced reactions are not deeply enough investigated. Some of the produced isotopes are of medical interest, others have application in research and industry. The radioisotope $^{117m}$Sn is a very important theranostic (therapeutic + diagnostic) radioisotope, so special care was taken to the results for that isotope. The well-established stacked foil technique followed by gamma-spectrometry with HPGe gamma spectrometers were used. The target and monitor foils in the stack were commercial high purity metal foils. From the irradiated targets $^{117m}$Sn, $^{113}$Sn, $^{110}$Sn, $^{117m,g}$In, $^{116m}$In, $^{115m}$In, $^{114m}$In, $^{113m}$In, $^{111}$In, $^{110m,g}$In, $^{109m}$In, $^{108m}$In, $^{115g}$Cd and $^{111m}$Cd were identified and their excitation functions were derived. The results were compared with the data of the previous measurements from the literature and with the results of the theoretical nuclear reaction model code calculations TALYS 1.8 (TENDL-2015) and EMPIRE 3.2 (Malta). From the cross section curves thick target yields were calculated and compared with the available literature data.
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