Let $F$ be a graph. A hypergraph is called Berge $F$ if it can be obtained by replacing each edge in $F$ by a hyperedge containing it. Given a family of graphs $mathcal{F}$, we say that a hypergraph $H$ is Berge $mathcal{F}$-free if for every $F in mathcal{F}$, the hypergraph $H$ does not contain a Berge $F$ as a subhypergraph. In this paper we investigate the connections between spectral radius of the adjacency tensor and structural properties of a linear hypergraph. In particular, we obtain a spectral version of Tur{a}n-type problems over linear $k$-uniform hypergraphs by using spectral methods, including a tight result on Berge $C_4$-free linear $3$-uniform hypergraphs.