Twisted foliated fracton phases


Abstract in English

In the study of three-dimensional gapped models, two-dimensional gapped states should be considered as a free resource. This is the basic idea underlying the notion of `foliated fracton order proposed in Phys. Rev. X 8, 031051 (2018). We have found that many of the known type I fracton models, although they appear very different, have the same foliated fracton order, known as `X-cube order. In this paper, we identify three-dimensional fracton models with different kinds of foliated fracton order. Whereas the X-cube order corresponds to the gauge theory of a simple paramagnet with subsystem planar symmetry, the novel orders correspond to twist

Download