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Register a new userFrequency-Division Multiplexing in Magnonic Logic Networks Based on Caustic-Like Spin-Wave Beams
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Wave-based data processing by spin waves and their quanta, magnons, is a promising technique to overcome the challenges which CMOS-based logic networks are facing nowadays. The advantage of these quasi-particles lies in their potential for the realization of energy efficient devices on the micro- to nanometer scale due to their charge-less propagation in magnetic materials. In this paper, the frequency dependence of the propagation direction of caustic-like spin-wave beams in microstructured ferromagnets is studied by micromagnetic simulations. Based on the observed alteration of the propagation angle, an approach to spatially combine and separate spin-wave signals of different frequencies is demonstrated. The presented magnetic structure constitutes a prototype design of a passive circuit enabling frequency-division multiplexing in magnonic logic networks. It is verified that spin-wave signals of different frequencies can be transmitted through the device simultaneously without any interaction or creation of spurious signals. Due to the wave-based approach of computing in magnonic networks, the technique of frequency-division multiplexing can be the basis for parallel data processing in single magnonic devices, enabling the multiplication of the data throughput.
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Spin waves are promising candidates for information processing and transmission in a broad frequency range. In the realization of magnonic devices, the frequency depended division of the spin wave frequencies is a critical function for parallel information processing. In this work, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept spin-wave frequency division multiplexing method by magnetizing a homogenous magnetic microstripe with an inhomogeneous field. The symmetry breaking additional field is introduced by a permalloy stripe simply placed in lateral proximity to the waveguide. Spin waves with different frequencies can propagate independently, simultaneously and separately in space along the shared waveguide. This work brings new potentials for parallel information transmission and processing in magnonics.
The emerging field of magnonics employs spin waves and their quanta, magnons, to implement wave-based computing on the micro- and nanoscale. Multi-frequency magnon networks would allow for parallel data processing within single logic elements whereas this is not the case with conventional transistor-based electronic logic. However, a lack of experimentally proven solutions to efficiently combine and separate magnons of different frequencies has impeded the intensive use of this concept. In this Letter, the experimental realization of a spin-wave demultiplexer enabling frequency-dependent separation of magnonic signals in the GHz range is demonstrated. The device is based on two-dimensional magnon transport in the form of spin-wave beams in unpatterned magnetic films. The intrinsic frequency-dependence of the beam direction is exploited to realize a passive functioning obviating an external control and additional power consumption. This approach paves the way to magnonic multiplexing circuits enabling simultaneous information transport and processing.
An important desired ingredient of superconducting quantum circuits is a readout scheme whose complexity does not increase with the number of qubits involved in the measurement. Here, we present a readout scheme employing a single microwave line, which enables simultaneous readout of multiple qubits. Consequently, scaling up superconducting qubit circuits is no longer limited by the readout apparatus. Parallel readout of 6 flux qubits using a frequency division multiplexing technique is demonstrated, as well as simultaneous manipulation and time resolved measurement of 3 qubits. We discuss how this technique can be scaled up to read out hundreds of qubits on a chip.
An electric current controlled spin-wave logic gate based on a width-modulated dynamic magnonic crystal is realized. The device utilizes a spin-wave waveguide fabricated from a single-crystal Yttrium Iron Garnet film and two conducting wires attached to the film surface. Application of electric currents to the wires provides a means for dynamic control of the effective geometry of the waveguide and results in a suppression of the magnonic band gap. The performance of the magnonic crystal as an AND logic gate is demonstrated.
Controlling the directionality of spin waves is a key ingredient in wave-based computing methods such as magnonics. In this paper, we demonstrate this particular aspect by using an all-optical point-like source of continuous spin waves based on frequency comb rapid demagnetization. The emitted spin waves contain a range of k-vectors and by detuning the applied magnetic field slightly off the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), we observe X-shaped caustic spin-wave patterns at $70^{circ}$ propagation angles as predicted by theory. When the harmonic of the light source approaches theFMR, the caustic pattern gives way to uniaxial spin-wave propagation perpendicular to the in-plane component of the applied field. This field-controlled propagation pattern and directionality of optically emitted short-wavelength spin waves provide additional degrees of freedom when designing magnonic devices.
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