No Arabic abstract
Consider the trilinear form for twisted convolution on $mathbb{R}^{2d}$: begin{equation*} mathcal{T}_t(mathbf{f}):=iint f_1(x)f_2(y)f_3(x+y)e^{itsigma(x,y)}dxdy,end{equation*} where $sigma$ is a symplectic form and $t$ is a real-valued parameter. It is known that in the case $t eq0$ the optimal constant for twisted convolution is the same as that for convolution, though no extremizers exist. Expanding about the manifold of triples of maximizers and $t=0$ we prove a sharpened inequality for twisted convolution with an arbitrary antisymmetric form in place of $sigma$.
One may define a trilinear convolution form on the sphere involving two functions on the sphere and a monotonic function on the interval $[-1,1]$. A symmetrization inequality of Baernstein and Taylor states that this form is maximized when the two functions on the sphere are replaced with their nondecreasing symmetric rearrangements. In the case of indicator functions, we show that under natural hypotheses, the symmetric rearrangements are the only maximizers up to symmetry by establishing a sharpened inequality.
Hadamards determinant inequality was refined and generalized by Zhang and Yang in [Acta Math. Appl. Sinica 20 (1997) 269-274]. Some special cases of the result were rediscovered recently by Rozanski, Witula and Hetmaniok in [Linear Algebra Appl. 532 (2017) 500-511]. We revisit the result in the case of positive semidefinite matrices, giving a new proof in terms of majorization and a complete description of the conditions for equality in the positive definite case. We also mention a block extension, which makes use of a result of Thompson in the 1960s.
An inequality refining the lower bound for a periodic (Breitenberger) uncertainty constant is proved for a wide class of functions. A connection of uncertainty constants for periodic and non-periodic functions is extended to this class. A particular minimization problem for a non-periodic (Heisenberg) uncertainty constant is studied.
Although convolution on Euclidean space and the Heisenberg group satisfy the same $L^p$ bounds with the same optimal constants, the former has maximizers while the latter does not. However, as work of Christ has shown, it is still possible to characterize near-maximizers. Specifically, any near-maximizing triple of the trilinear form for convolution on the Heisenberg group must be close to a particular type of triple of ordered Gaussians after adjusting by symmetry. In this paper, we use the expansion method to prove a quantitative version of this characterization.
We show that twisting of an infinite straight three-dimensional tube with non-circular cross-section gives rise to a Hardy-type inequality for the associated Dirichlet Laplacian. As an application we prove certain stability of the spectrum of the Dirichlet Laplacian in locally and mildly bent tubes. Namely, it is known that any local bending, no matter how small, generates eigenvalues below the essential spectrum of the Laplacian in the tubes with arbitrary cross-sections rotated along a reference curve in an appropriate way. In the present paper we show that for any other rotation some critical strength of the bending is needed in order to induce a non-empty discrete spectrum.