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Register a new userFree field primaries in general dimensions: Counting and construction with rings and modules
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We define lowest weight polynomials (LWPs), motivated by $so(d,2)$ representation theory, as elements of the polynomial ring over $ d times n $ variables obeying a system of first and second order partial differential equations. LWPs invariant under $S_n$ correspond to primary fields in free scalar field theory in $d$ dimensions, constructed from $n$ fields. The LWPs are in one-to-one correspondence with a quotient of the polynomial ring in $ d times (n-1) $ variables by an ideal generated by $n$ quadratic polynomials. The implications of this description for the counting and construction of primary fields are described: an interesting binomial identity underlies one of the construction algorithms.The product on the ring of LWPs can be described as a commutative star product. The quadratic algebra of lowest weight polynomials has a dual quadratic algebra which is non-commutative. We discuss the possible physical implications of this dual algebra.
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We study circuit complexity for conformal field theory states in arbitrary dimensions. Our circuits start from a primary state and move along a unitary representation of the Lorentzian conformal group. We consider different choices of distance functions and explain how they can be understood in terms of the geometry of coadjoint orbits of the conformal group. Our analysis highlights a connection between the coadjoint orbits of the conformal group and timelike geodesics in anti-de Sitter spacetimes. We extend our method to study circuits in other symmetry groups using a group theoretic generalization of the notion of coherent states.
Let $T=biggl(begin{matrix} A&0 U&B end{matrix}biggr)$ be a formal triangular matrix ring, where $A$ and $B$ are rings and $U$ is a $(B, A)$-bimodule. We prove that: (1) If $U_A$ and $_B U$ have finite flat dimensions, then a left $T$-module $biggl(begin{matrix} M_1 M_2end{matrix}biggr)_{varphi^M}$ is Ding projective if and only if $M_1$ and $M_2/{rm im}(varphi^M)$ are Ding projective and the morphism $varphi^M$ is a monomorphism. (2) If $T$ is a right coherent ring, $_{B}U$ has finite flat dimension, $U_{A}$ is finitely presented and has finite projective or $FP$-injective dimension, then a right $T$-module $(W_{1}, W_{2})_{varphi_{W}}$ is Ding injective if and only if $W_{1}$ and $ker(widetilde{{varphi_{W}}})$ are Ding injective and the morphism $widetilde{{varphi_{W}}}$ is an epimorphism. As a consequence, we describe Ding projective and Ding injective dimensions of a $T$-module.
Let R be a commutative noetherian ring. In this paper, we study specialization-closed subsets of Spec R. More precisely, we first characterize the specialization-closed subsets in terms of various closure properties of subcategories of modules. Then, for each nonnegative integer n we introduce the notion of n-wide subcategories of R-modules to consider the question asking when a given specialization-closed subset has cohomological dimension at most n.
We calculate the constitutive equations of the stress-energy tensor and the currents of the free massless Dirac field at thermodynamic equilibrium with acceleration and rotation and a conserved axial charge by using the density operator approach. We carry out an expansion in thermal vorticity to the second order with finite axial chemical potential $mu_A$. The obtained coefficients of the expansion are expressed as correlators of angular momenta and boost operators with the currents. We confirm previous observations that the axial chemical potential induces non-vanishing components of the stress-energy tensor at first order in thermal vorticity due to breaking of parity invariance of the density operator with $mu_A e 0$. The appearance of these components might play an important role in chiral hydrodynamics.
We consider the problem of locally describing tubular geometry around a submanifold embedded in a (pseudo)Riemannian manifold in its general form. Given the geometry of ambient space in an arbitrary coordinate system and equations determining the submanifold in the same system, we compute the tubular expansion coefficients in terms of this {it a priori data}. This is done by using an indirect method that crucially applies the tubular expansion theorem for vielbein previously derived. With an explicit construction involving the relevant coordinate and non-coordinate frames we verify consistency of the whole method up to quadratic order in vielbein expansion. Furthermore, we perform certain (long and tedious) higher order computation which verifies the first non-trivial spin connection term in the expansion for the first time. Earlier a similar method was used to compute tubular geometry in loop space. We explain this work in the light of our general construction.
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