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Comments on Compression of 3D Point Clouds Using a Region-Adaptive Hierarchical Transform

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 Added by Gustavo Sandri M.S.
 Publication date 2018
and research's language is English




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The recently introduced coder based on region-adaptive hierarchical transform (RAHT) for the compression of point clouds attributes, was shown to have a performance competitive with the state-of-the-art, while being much less complex. In the paper Compression of 3D Point Clouds Using a Region-Adaptive Hierarchical Transform, top performance was achieved using arithmetic coding (AC), while adaptive run-length Golomb-Rice (RLGR) coding was presented as a lower-performance lower-complexity alternative. However, we have found that by reordering the RAHT coefficients we can largely increase the runs of zeros and significantly increase the performance of the RLGR-based RAHT coder. As a result, the new coder, using ordered coefficients, was shown to outperform all other coders, including AC-based RAHT, at an even lower computational cost. We present new results and plots that should enhance those in the work of Queiroz and Chou to include the new results for RLGR-RAHT. We risk to say, based on the results herein, that RLGR-RAHT with sorted coefficients is the new state-of-the-art in point cloud compression.



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We introduce the Region Adaptive Graph Fourier Transform (RA-GFT) for compression of 3D point cloud attributes. The RA-GFT is a multiresolution transform, formed by combining spatially localized block transforms. We assume the points are organized by a family of nested partitions represented by a rooted tree. At each resolution level, attributes are processed in clusters using block transforms. Each block transform produces a single approximation (DC) coefficient, and various detail (AC) coefficients. The DC coefficients are promoted up the tree to the next (lower resolution) level, where the process can be repeated until reaching the root. Since clusters may have a different numbers of points, each block transform must incorporate the relative importance of each coefficient. For this, we introduce the $mathbf{Q}$-normalized graph Laplacian, and propose using its eigenvectors as the block transform. The RA-GFT achieves better complexity-performance trade-offs than previous approaches. In particular, it outperforms the Region Adaptive Haar Transform (RAHT) by up to 2.5 dB, with a small complexity overhead.
We propose a versatile deep image compression network based on Spatial Feature Transform (SFT arXiv:1804.02815), which takes a source image and a corresponding quality map as inputs and produce a compressed image with variable rates. Our model covers a wide range of compression rates using a single model, which is controlled by arbitrary pixel-wise quality maps. In addition, the proposed framework allows us to perform task-aware image compressions for various tasks, e.g., classification, by efficiently estimating optimized quality maps specific to target tasks for our encoding network. This is even possible with a pretrained network without learning separate models for individual tasks. Our algorithm achieves outstanding rate-distortion trade-off compared to the approaches based on multiple models that are optimized separately for several different target rates. At the same level of compression, the proposed approach successfully improves performance on image classification and text region quality preservation via task-aware quality map estimation without additional model training. The code is available at the project website: https://github.com/micmic123/QmapCompression
Due to the large amount of data that point clouds represent and the differences in geometry of successive frames, the generation of motion vectors for an entire point cloud dataset may require a significant amount of time and computational resources. With that in mind, we provide a 3D motion vector database for all frames of two popular dynamic point cloud datasets. The motion vectors were obtained through translational motion estimation procedure that partitions the point clouds into blocks of dimensions M x M x M , and for each block, a motion vector is estimated. Our database contains motion vectors for M = 8 and M = 16. The goal of this work is to describe this publicly available 3D motion vector database that can be used for different purposes, such as compression of dynamic point clouds.
88 - Jinyang Guo , Dong Xu , Guo Lu 2021
In this paper, we propose a new deep image compression framework called Complexity and Bitrate Adaptive Network (CBANet), which aims to learn one single network to support variable bitrate coding under different computational complexity constraints. In contrast to the existing state-of-the-art learning based image compression frameworks that only consider the rate-distortion trade-off without introducing any constraint related to the computational complexity, our CBANet considers the trade-off between the rate and distortion under dynamic computational complexity constraints. Specifically, to decode the images with one single decoder under various computational complexity constraints, we propose a new multi-branch complexity adaptive module, in which each branch only takes a small portion of the computational budget of the decoder. The reconstructed images with different visual qualities can be readily generated by using different numbers of branches. Furthermore, to achieve variable bitrate decoding with one single decoder, we propose a bitrate adaptive module to project the representation from a base bitrate to the expected representation at a target bitrate for transmission. Then it will project the transmitted representation at the target bitrate back to that at the base bitrate for the decoding process. The proposed bit adaptive module can significantly reduce the storage requirement for deployment platforms. As a result, our CBANet enables one single codec to support multiple bitrate decoding under various computational complexity constraints. Comprehensive experiments on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our CBANet for deep image compression.
Compression of point clouds has so far been confined to coding the positions of a discrete set of points in space and the attributes of those discrete points. We introduce an alternative approach based on volumetric functions, which are functions defined not just on a finite set of points, but throughout space. As in regression analysis, volumetric functions are continuous functions that are able to interpolate values on a finite set of points as linear combinations of continuous basis functions. Using a B-spline wavelet basis, we are able to code volumetric functions representing both geometry and attributes. Geometry is represented implicitly as the level set of a volumetric function (the signed distance function or similar). Attributes are represented by a volumetric function whose coefficients can be regarded as a critically sampled orthonormal transform that generalizes the recent successful region-adaptive hierarchical (or Haar) transform to higher orders. Experimental results show that both geometry and attribute compression using volumetric functions improve over those used in the emerging MPEG Point Cloud Compression standard.
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