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Let $p$ be a prime. Let $ninmathbb N-{0}$. Let $mathcal C$ be an $F^n$-crystal over a locally noetherian $mathbb F_p$-scheme $S$. Let $(a,b)inmathbb N^2$. We show that the reduced locally closed subscheme of $S$ whose points are exactly those $xin S$ such that $(a,b)$ is a break point of the Newton polygon of the fiber $mathcal C_x$ of $mathcal C$ at $x$ is pure in $S$, i.e., it is an affine $S$-scheme. This result refines and reobtains previous results of de Jong--Oort, Vasiu, and Yang. As an application, we show that for all $min mathbb N$ the reduced locally closed subscheme of $S$ whose points are exactly those $xin S$ for which the $p$-rank of $mathcal C_x$ is $m$ is pure in $S$; the case $n=1$ was previously obtained by Deligne (unpublished) and the general case $nge 1$ refines and reobtains a result of Zink.
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A $k$-differential on a Riemann surface is a section of the $k$-th power of the canonical line bundle. Loci of $k$-differentials with prescribed number and multiplicities of zeros and poles form a natural stratification of the moduli space of $k$-differentials. In this paper we give a complete description for the compactification of the strata of $k$-differentials in terms of pointed stable $k$-differentials, for all $k$. The upshot is a global $k$-residue condition that can also be reformulated in terms of admissible covers of stable curves. Moreover, we study properties of $k$-differentials regarding their deformations, residues, and flat geometric structure.
We describe the closure of the strata of abelian differentials with prescribed type of zeros and poles, in the projectivized Hodge bundle over the Deligne-Mumford moduli space of stable curves with marked points. We provide an explicit characterization of pointed stable differentials in the boundary of the closure, both a complex analytic proof and a flat geometric proof for smoothing the boundary differentials, and numerous examples. The main new ingredient in our description is a global residue condition arising from a full order on the dual graph of a stable curve.
For a linear subvariety $M$ of a stratum of meromorphic differentials, we investigate its closure in the multi-scale compactification constructed by Bainbridge-Chen-Gendron-Grushevsky-Moller. We prove various restrictions on the type of defining linear equations in period coordinates for $M$ near its boundary, and prove that the closure is locally a toric variety. As applications, we give a fundamentally new proof of a generalization of the cylinder deformation theorem of Wright to the case of meromorphic strata, and construct a smooth compactification of the Hurwitz space of covers of the Riemann sphere.
Let $k$ be a field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $D_m$ be a $BT_m$ over $k$ (i.e., an $m$-truncated Barsotti--Tate group over $k$). Let $S$ be abreak $k$-scheme and let $X$ be a $BT_m$ over $S$. Let $S_{D_m}(X)$ be the subscheme of $S$ which describes the locus where $X$ is locally for the fppf topology isomorphic to $D_m$. If $pge 5$, we show that $S_{D_m}(X)$ is pure in $S$ i.e., the immersion $S_{D_m}(X) hookrightarrow S$ is affine. For $pin{2,3}$, we prove purity if $D_m$ satisfies a certain property depending only on its $p$-torsion $D_m[p]$. For $pge 5$, we apply the developed techniques to show that all level $m$ stratifications associated to Shimura varieties of Hodge type are pure.
Let $X$ be a complex, irreducible, quasi-projective variety, and $pi:widetilde Xto X$ a resolution of singularities of $X$. Assume that the singular locus ${text{Sing}}(X)$ of $X$ is smooth, that the induced map $pi^{-1}({text{Sing}}(X))to {text{Sing}}(X)$ is a smooth fibration admitting a cohomology extension of the fiber, and that $pi^{-1}({text{Sing}}(X))$ has a negative normal bundle in $widetilde X$. We present a very short and explicit proof of the Decomposition Theorem for $pi$, providing a way to compute the intersection cohomology of $X$ by means of the cohomology of $widetilde X$ and of $pi^{-1}({text{Sing}}(X))$. Our result applies to special Schubert varieties with two strata, even if $pi$ is non-small. And to certain hypersurfaces of $mathbb P^5$ with one-dimensional singular locus.
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