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Register a new userDetectors for Nuclear Physics
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Added by
Tilak Kumar Ghosh Dr
Publication date
2018
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
Authors
T.K. Ghosh
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Progress in nuclear physics is driven by the experimental observation that requires state of the art detectors to measure various kinematic properties, such as energy, momentum, position etc. of the particles produced in a nuclear reaction. Advances in detector technology has enabled nuclear physicists to measure these quantities with better precision, and the reduced cost of the detection system has helped to have larger detection systems (array of detectors) to measure the rare processes with greater sensitivity. Several detection systems have been designed, developed and built in India over last few decades and are being used by the physicists. In this article, I will focus on such developments of detection systems at Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre (VECC), Kolkata.
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Production of a GeV photon beam by laser backward-Compton scattering has been playing an important role as a tool for nuclear and particle physics experiments. Its production techniques are now established at electron storage rings, which are increasing worldwide. A typical photon intensity has reached $sim$ 10 $^6$ sec$^{-1}$. In the present article, the LEPS beamline facility at SPring-8 is mainly described with an overview of experimental applications, for the purpose to summarize the GeV photon beam production. Finally, possible future upgrades are discussed with new developments of laser injection.
We have developed and tested a new way of coupling bolometric light detectors to scintillating crystal bolometers based upon simply resting the light detector on the crystal surface, held in position only by gravity. This straightforward mounting results in three important improvements: (1) it decreases the amount of non-active materials needed to assemble the detector, (2) it substantially increases the light collection efficiency by minimizing the light losses induced by the mounting structure, and (3) it enhances the thermal signal induced in the light detector thanks to the extremely weak thermal link to the thermal bath. We tested this new technique with a 16 cm$^2$ Ge light detector with thermistor readout sitting on the surface of a large TeO$_2$ bolometer. The light collection efficiency was increased by greater than 50% compared to previously tested alternative mountings. We obtained a baseline energy resolution on the light detector of 20~eV RMS that, together with increased light collection, enabled us to obtain the best $alpha$ vs $beta/gamma$ discrimination ever obtained with massive TeO$_2$ crystals. At the same time we achieved rise and decay times of 0.8 and 1.6 ms, respectively. This superb performance meets all of the requirements for the CUPID (CUORE Upgrade with Particle IDentification) experiment, which is a 1-ton scintillating bolometer follow up to CUORE.
Gamma-Beams at the HIgS facility in the USA and anticipated at the ELI-NP facility, now constructed in Romania, present unique new opportunities to advance research in nuclear astrophysics; not the least of which is resolving open questions in oxygen formation during stellar helium burning via a precise measurement of the 12C(a,g) reaction. Time projection chamber (TPC) detectors operating with low pressure gas (as an active target) are ideally suited for such studies. We review the progress of the current research program and plans for the future at the HI{gamma}S facility with the optical readout TPC (O-TPC) and the development of an electronic readout TPC for the ELI-NP facility (ELITPC).
We present an open source kinematic fitting routine designed for low-energy nuclear physics applications. Although kinematic fitting is commonly used in high-energy particle physics, it is rarely used in low-energy nuclear physics, despite its effectiveness. A FORTRAN and ROOT C++ version of the FUNKI_FIT kinematic fitting code have been developed and published open access. The FUNKI_FIT code is universal in the sense that the constraint equations can be easily modified to suit different experimental set-ups and reactions. Two case studies for the use of this code, utilising experimental and Monte-Carlo data, are presented: (1) charged-particle spectroscopy using silicon-strip detectors; (2) charged-particle spectroscopy using active target detectors. The kinematic fitting routine provides an improvement in resolution in both cases, demonstrating, for the first time, the applicability of kinematic fitting across a range of nuclear physics applications. The ROOT macro has been developed in order to easily apply this technique in standard data analysis routines used by the nuclear physics community.
Europe monitors transits using radiation detectors to prevent illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. The SCINTILLA project aims to develop a toolbox of innovative technologies designed to address different usage cases. This article will review the scope, approach, results of the first benchmark campaign and future plans of the SCINTILLA project.
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