We have presented the results for the single and double spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scatterings for proton in a light front quark-diquark model. The asymmetries generated by the T-even TMDs are discussed here. The model predictions are found to agree with the available data. We also present our model predictions for the Collins asymmetry for the future electron-ion collider experiments.
We present the QCD predictions for the azimuthal $cos 2varphi$ asymmetry in charm leptoproduction for the kinematics of the COMPASS experiment at CERN. The asymmetry is predicted to be large, about 15%. The radiative corrections to the QCD predictions for the $cos 2varphi$ distribution are estimated to be small, less than 10%. Our calculations show that the azimuthal asymmetry in charm production is well defined in pQCD: it is stable both perturbatively and parametrically, and practically insensitive to theoretical uncertainties in the input parameters. We analyze the nonperturbative contributions to the $cos 2varphi$ distribution due to the gluon transverse motion in the target and the $c$-quark fragmentation. Because of the $c$-quark low mass, the nonperturbative contributions are expected to be sizable, about (30--40)%. We conclude that extraction of the azimuthal asymmetries from available COMPASS data will provide valuable information about the transverse momentum dependent distribution of the gluon in the proton and the $c$-quark hadronization mechanism. Finally, we discuss the $cos 2varphi$ asymmetry as a probe of the gluonic analogue of the Boer-Mulders function, $h_{1}^{perp g}$, describing the linear polarization of gluons inside unpolarized proton.
In general, eight target transverse spin-dependent azimuthal modulations are allowed in semi inclusive deep inelastic scattering of polarized leptons on a transversely polarized target. In the QCD parton model four of these asymmetries can be interpreted within the leading order approach. Two of them, namely Collins and Sivers effects were already measured by HERMES and COMPASS experiments. Other two leading twist and remaining four azimuthal asymmetries which can be interpreted as twist-three contributions have been measured for the first time in COMPASS using a 160 GeV/c longitudinally polarized ($P_{beam}simeq -0.8$) muon beam and a transversely polarized $^6LiD$ target. We present here the preliminary results from the 2002-2004 data.
The main properties of the leading-twist transverse momentum dependent parton distributions in a light-cone constituent quark model of the nucleon are reviewed, with focus on the role of the spin-spin and spin-orbit correlations of quarks. Results for azimuthal single spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering are also discussed.
The study of the Sivers effect, describing correlations between the transverse polarization of the nucleon and its constituent (unpolarized) partons transverse momentum, has been the topic of a great deal of experimental, phenomenological and theoretical effort in recent years. Semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering measurements of the corresponding single spin asymmetries (SSA) at the upcoming CLAS12 experiment at JLab and the proposed Electron-Ion Collider will help to pinpoint the flavor structure and the momentum dependence of the Sivers parton distribution function describing this effect. Here we describe a modified version of the $tt{PYTHIA}$ Monte Carlo event generator that includes the Sivers effect. Then we use it to estimate the size of these SSAs, in the kinematics of these experiments, for both one and two hadron final states of pions and kaons. For this purpose we utilize the existing Sivers parton distribution function (PDF) parametrization extracted from HERMES and COMPASS experiments. Using this modified version of $tt{PYTHIA}$, we also show that the the leading order approximation commonly used in such extractions may provide significantly underestimated values of Sivers PDFs, as in our Monte Carlo simulations the omitted parton showers and non-DIS processes play an important role in these SSAs, for example in the COMPASS kinematics.
A measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of pions produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering off protons is presented. The measurement was performed using the {HERMES} spectrometer with a hydrogen gas target and the longitudinally polarized 27.6 GeV positron beam of HERA. The sinusoidal amplitude of the dependence of the asymmetry on the angle $phi$ of the hadron production plane around the virtual photon direction relative to the lepton scattering plane was measured for $pi^+,pi^-$ and $pi^0$ mesons. The dependence of this amplitude on the Bjorken scaling variable and on the pion fractional energy and transverse momentum is presented. The results are compared to theoretical model calculations.