We investigate predictions on the triple Higgs boson couplings with radiative corrections in the model with an additional real singlet scalar field. In this model, the second physical scalar state ($H$) appears in addition to the Higgs boson ($h$) with the mass 125 GeV. The $hhh$ vertex is calculated at the one-loop level, and its possible deviation from the predictions in the standard model is evaluated under various theoretical constraints. The decay rate of $H to hh$ is also computed at the one-loop level. We also take into account the bound from the precise measurement of the $W$ boson mass, which gives the upper limit on the mixing angle $alpha$ between two physical Higgs bosons for a given value of the mass of $H$ ($m_H^{}$). We find that the deviation in the $hhh$ coupling from the prediction in the standard model can maximally be about 250%, 150% and 75% for $m_H^{}=300$, 500 and 1000 GeV, respectively, under the requirement that the cutoff scale of the model is higher than 3 TeV. We also discuss deviations from the standard model prediction in double Higgs boson production from the gluon fusion at the LHC using the one-loop corrected Higgs boson vertices.