The paper puts forward new Besov spaces of variable smoothness $B^{varphi_{0}}_{p,q}(G,{t_{k}})$ and $widetilde{B}^{l}_{p,q,r}(Omega,{t_{k}})$ on rough domains. A~domain~$G$ is either a~bounded Lipschitz domain in~$mathbb{R}^{n}$ or the epigraph of a~Lipschitz function, a~domain~$Omega$ is an $(varepsilon,delta)$-domain. These spaces are shown to be the traces of the spaces $B^{varphi_{0}}_{p,q}(mathbb{R}^{n},{t_{k}})$ and $widetilde{B}^{l}_{p,q,r}(mathbb{R}^{n},{t_{k}})$ on domains $G$ and~$Omega$, respectively. The extension operator $operatorname{Ext}_{1}:B^{varphi_{0}}_{p,q}(G,{t_{k}}) to B^{varphi_{0}}_{p,q}(mathbb{R}^{n},{t_{k}})$ is linear, the operator $operatorname{Ext}_{2}:widetilde{B}^{l}_{p,q,r}(Omega,{t_{k}}) to widetilde{B}^{l}_{p,q,r}(mathbb{R}^{n},{t_{k}})$ is nonlinear. As a~corollary, an exact description of the traces of 2-microlocal Besov-type spaces and weighted Besov-type spaces on rough domains is obtained.