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Register a new userParticle-vibration coupling effect on the $beta$-decay of magic nuclei
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Nuclear $beta$-decay in magic nuclei is investigated, taking into account the coupling between particle and collective vibrations,on top of self-consistent random phase approximation calculations based on Skyrme density functionals. The low-lying Gamow-Teller strength is shifted downwards and at times becomes fragmented; as a consequence, the $beta$-decay half-lives are reduced due to the increase of the phase space available for the decay. In some cases, this leads to a very good agreement between theoretical and experimental lifetimes: this happens, in particular, in the case of the Skyrme force SkM*, that can also reproduce the line shape of the high energy Gamow-Teller resonance as it was previously shown.
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Effect of the tensor force on $beta$?-decay is studied in the framework of the proton-neutron random-phase-approximation (RPA) with the Skyrme force. The investigation is performed for even-even semi-magic and magic nuclei, $^{34}$Si, $^{68}$, $^{78}$Ni and $^{132}$Sn. The tensor correlation induces strong impact on low-lying Gamow-Teller state. In particular, it improves the ?$beta$-decay half-lives. $Q$ and $ft$ values are also investigated and compared with experimental data.
In this paper we present a new formalism to implement the nuclear particle-vibration coupling (PVC) model. The key issue is the proper treatment of the continuum, that is allowed by the coordinate space representation. Our formalism, based on the use of zero-range interactions like the Skyrme forces, is microscopic and fully self-consistent. We apply it to the case of neutron single-particle states in $^{40}$Ca, $^{208}$Pb and $^{24}$O. The first two cases are meant to illustrate the comparison with the usual (i.e., discrete) PVC model. However, we stress that the present approach allows to calculate properly the effect of PVC on resonant states. We compare our results with those from experiments in which the particle transfer in the continuum region has been attempted. The latter case, namely $^{24}$O, is chosen as an example of a weakly-bound system. Such a nucleus, being double-magic and not displaying collective low-lying vibrational excitations, is characterized by quite pure neutron single-particle states around the Fermi surface.
The Energy Density Functional theory is one of the most used methods developed in nuclear structure. It is based on the assumption that the energy of the ground state is a functional only of the density profile. The method is extremely successful within the effective force approach, noticeably the Skyrme or Gogny forces, in reproducing the nuclear binding energies and other bulk properties along the whole mass table. Although the Density Functional is in this case represented formally as the Hartree-Fock mean field of an effective force, the corresponding single-particle states in general do not reproduce the phenomenology particularly well. To overcome this difficulty, a strategy has been developed where the effective force is adjusted to reproduce directly the single particle energies, trying to keep the ground state energy sufficiently well reproduced. An alternative route, that has been developed along several years, for solving this problem is to introduce the mean field fluctuations, as represented by the collective vibrations of the nuclear system, and their influence on the single particle dynamics and structure. This is the basis of the particle-vibration coupling model. In this paper we present a formal theory of the particle-vibration coupling model based on the Green s function method. The theory extends to realistic effective forces the macroscopic particle-vibration coupling models and the (microscopic) Nuclear Field Theory. It is formalized within the functional derivative approach to many-body theory. An expansion in diagrams is devised for the single particle self-energy and the phonon propagator. Critical aspects of the particle-vibration coupling model are analysed in general. Applications at the lowest order of the expansion are presented and discussed.
Low-energy excited states in 71,73Ni populated via the {beta} decay of 71,73Co were investigated in an experiment performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory (NSCL) at Michigan State University (MSU). Detailed analysis led to the construction of level schemes of 71,73Ni, which are interpreted using systematics and analyzed using shell model calculations. The 5/2- states attributed to the the f5/2 orbital and positive parity 5/2+ and 7/2+ states from the g9/2 orbital have been identified in both 71,73Ni. In 71Ni the location of a 1/2- {beta}-decaying isomer is proposed and limits are suggested as to the location of the isomer in 73Ni. The location of positive parity cluster states are also identified in 71,73Ni. Beta-delayed neutron branching ratios obtained from this data are given for both 71,73Co.
Single-particle levels of seven magic nuclei are calculated within the Energy Density Functional (EDF) method by Fayans et al. Thr
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