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Register a new userEmergent statistical-mechanical structure in the dynamics along the period-doubling route to chaos
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We consider both the dynamics within and towards the supercycle attractors along the period-doubling route to chaos to analyze the development of a statistical-mechanical structure. In this structure the partition function consists of the sum of the attractor position distances known as supercycle diameters and the associated thermodynamic potential measures the rate of approach of trajectories to the attractor. The configurational weights for finite $2^{N}$, and infinite $N rightarrow infty $, periods can be expressed as power laws or deformed exponentials. For finite period the structure is undeveloped in the sense that there is no true configurational degeneracy, but in the limit $Nrightarrow infty $ this is realized together with the analog property of a Legendre transform linking entropies of two ensembles. We also study the partition functions for all $N$ and the action of the Central Limit Theorem via a binomial approximation.
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We study the original $alpha$-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) system with $N=16,32$ and $64$ masses connected by a nonlinear quadratic spring. Our approach is based on resonant wave-wave interaction theory, i.e. we assume that, in the weakly nonlinear regime (the one in which Fermi was originally interested), the large time dynamics is ruled by exact resonances. After a detailed analysis of the $alpha$-FPU equation of motion, we find that the first non trivial resonances correspond to six-wave interactions. Those are precisely the interactions responsible for the thermalization of the energy in the spectrum. We predict that for small amplitude random waves the time scale of such interactions is extremely large and it is of the order of $1/epsilon^8$, where $epsilon$ is the small parameter in the system. The wave-wave interaction theory is not based on any threshold: equipartition is predicted for arbitrary small nonlinearity. Our results are supported by extensive numerical simulations. A key role in our finding is played by the {it Umklapp} (flip over) resonant interactions, typical of discrete systems. The thermodynamic limit is also briefly discussed.
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We analyze the origin and properties of the chaotic dynamics of two atomic ensembles in a driven-dissipative experimental setup, where they are collectively damped by a bad cavity mode and incoherently pumped by a Raman laser. Starting from the mean-field equations, we explain the emergence of chaos by way of quasiperiodicity -- presence of two or more incommensurate frequencies. This is known as the Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse route to chaos. The equations of motion have a $mathbb{Z}_{2}$-symmetry with respect to the interchange of the two ensembles. However, some of the attractors of these equations spontaneously break this symmetry. To understand the emergence and subsequent properties of various attractors, we concurrently study the mean-field trajectories, Poincar{e} sections, maximum and conditional Lyapunov exponents, and power spectra. Using Floquet analysis, we show that quasiperiodicity is born out of non $mathbb{Z}_{2}$-symmetric oscillations via a supercritical Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. Changing the detuning between the level spacings in the two ensembles and the repump rate results in the synchronization of the two chaotic ensembles. In this regime, the chaotic intensity fluctuations of the light radiated by the two ensembles are identical. Identifying the synchronization manifold, we understand the origin of synchronized chaos as a tangent bifurcation intermittency of the $mathbb{Z}_{2}$-symmetric oscillations. At its birth, synchronized chaos is unstable. The interaction of this attractor with other attractors causes on-off intermittency until the synchronization manifold becomes sufficiently attractive. We also show coexistence of different phases in small pockets near the boundaries.
Methods are presented to evaluate the entropy production rate in stochastic reactive systems. These methods are shown to be consistent with known results from nonequilibrium chemical thermodynamics. Moreover, it is proved that the time average of the entropy production rate can be decomposed into the contributions of the cycles obtained from the stoichiometric matrix in both stochastic processes and deterministic systems. These methods are applied to a complex reaction network constructed on the basis of Roesslers reinjection principle and featuring chemical chaos.
The texture of phase space and bifurcation diagrams of two-dimensional discrete maps describing a lattice of interacting oscillators, confined in on-site potentials with deformable double-well shapes, are examined. The two double-well potentials considered belong to a family proposed by Dikande and Kofane (A. M. Dikande and T. C. Kofane, Solid State Commun. vol. 89, p. 559, 1994), whose shapes can be tuned distinctively: one has a variable barrier height and the other has variable minima positions. However the two parametrized double-well potentials reduce to the $phi^4$ substrate, familiar in the studies of structural phase transitions in centro-symmetric crystals or bistable processes in biophysics. It is shown that although the parametric maps are area preserving their routes to chaos display different characteristic features: the first map exhibits a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations with respect to the potential amplitude, but period-halving bifurcations with respect to the shape deformability parameter. On the other hand the first bifurcation of the second map always coincides with the first pitchfork bifurcation of the $phi^4$ map. However, an increase of the deformability parameter shrinks the region between successive period-doubling bifurcations. The two opposite bifurcation cascades characterizing the first map, and the shrinkage of regions between successive bifurcation cascades which is characteristic of the second map, suggest a non-universal character of the Feigenbaum-number sequences associate with the two discrete parametric double-well maps.
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