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Register a new userShedding light on the $t bar t$ asymmetry: the photon handle
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Juan Antonio Aguilar-Saavedra
Publication date
2014
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English
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We investigate a charge asymmetry in $t bar t gamma$ production at the LHC that provides complementary information to the measured asymmetries in $t bar t$ production. We estimate the experimental uncertainty in its measurement at the LHC with 8 and 14 TeV. For new physics models that simultaneously reproduce the asymmetry excess in $t bar t$ at the Tevatron and the SM-like asymmetry at the LHC, the measurement in $t bar t gamma$ at the LHC could exhibit significant deviations with respect to the SM prediction.
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We discuss lepton charge asymmetries in $t bar t$ and $t bar t gamma$ production at the LHC, which can be measured in the semileptonic decay channel $t bar t to W^+ b , W^- bar b to ell^+ u b , q bar q bar b$ (or the charge conjugate). Considering several variants of a new physics scenario with a light colour octet, it is seen that for $t bar t$ these asymmetries may have a sensitivity competitive with the dilepton asymmetry already measured. For $t bar t gamma$ the new leptonic asymmetries, as well as the $t bar t$ charge asymmetry, will reach their full potential with the high luminosity LHC upgrade. These asymmetries can pinpoint deviations at the $3sigma-4sigma$ level for new physics scenarios where the charge asymmetries already measured in $t bar t$ production agree within $1sigma$.
The dilepton azimuthal correlation, namely the difference $phi$ between the azimuthal angles of the positive and negative charged lepton in the laboratory frame, provides a stringent test of the spin correlation in $t bar t$ production at the Large Hadron Collider. We introduce a parameterisation of the differential cross section $dsigma / dphi$ in terms of a Fourier series and show that the third-order expansion provides a sufficiently accurate approximation. This expansion can be considered as a `bridge between theory and data, making it very simple to cast predictions in the Standard Model (SM) and beyond, and to report measurements, without the need to provide the numbers for the whole binned distribution. We show its application by giving predictions for the coefficients in the presence of (i) an anomalous top chromomagnetic dipole moment; (ii) an anomalous $tbW$ interaction. The methods presented greatly facilitate the study of this angular distribution, which is of special interest given the $3.2(3.7)sigma$ deviation from the SM next-to-leading order prediction found by the ATLAS Collaboration in Run 2 data.
Many extensions of the Standard Model contain (pseudo)scalar bosons with masses in the TeV range. At hadron colliders, such particles would predominantly be produced in gluon fusion and would decay into top quark pair final sates, a signal that interferes with the large QCD background $gg to tbar t$. This phenomenon is of interest for searches for by the LHC experiments. Here, we consider the signal and background interference in this process and study it in various benchmark scenarios, including models with extra singlet (pseudo)scalar resonances, two-Higgs doublet models, and the minimal supersymmetric extension of the SM with parameters chosen to obtain the measured light Higgs mass (the hMSSM). We allow for the possible exchanges of beyond the SM vector-like particles as well as scalar quarks. We calculate the possible interference effects including realistic estimates of the attainable detection efficiency and mass resolution. Studies of our benchmark scenarios indicate that searches with an LHC detector could permit the observation of the $tbar t$ final states or constrain significantly large regions of the parameter spaces of the benchmark scenarios.
We propose a new method of the determination of $R^{D}=sigma_{L}^{D}/sigma_{T}^{D}$ from the dependence of the diffractive cross section on the azimuthal angle between the electron scattering and proton scattering planes. The method is based on our finding of the model independence of the ratio of the $LT$ interference and transverse diffractive structure functions. The predicted azimuthal asymmetry is substantial and can be measured at HERA. We show that the accuracy of our reconstruction of $R^{D}$ is adequate for a reliable test of an important pQCD prediction of $R^{D}gsim 1$ for large $beta$.
Through $Bbar{B}$ mixing system, one can construct an asymmetry which naively seems to be a time reversal (T) odd quantity. In this article, the two processes $(mathrm{a}): B_-rightarrow bar{B^0}$ and $(mathrm{b}): bar{B^0}rightarrow B_-$ are used to construct the event number asymmetry. The CP violation of Kaon system denoted as $epsilon_K$ contributes to observables and we evaluate the contribution from $epsilon_K$ explicitly. The asymmetry is formulated with phase convention independent parameters which are invariant under redefinition of phase of quark fields. The overall factors of the time dependent decay rates are taken into account in this article. Furthermore, we suggest conditions for the asymmetry to be a T-odd quantity. The one of such conditions arises due to the difference of overall factors which form the asymmetry.
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