The properties of the thermal Abelian color-magnetic monopoles in the maximally Abelian gauge are studied in the vicinity of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition in the lattice $SU(3)$ gluodynamics and lattice QCD. We compute the density and interaction parameters of the thermal monopoles. We find that the density of the thermal monopoles $rho(T)$ jumps up near the transition temperature $T_c$. Additionally we present new results on the percolation transition in $SU(3)$ gluodynamics which is known to coincide in gluodynamics with the confinement-deconfinement phase transition.
The long standing problem is solved why the number and the location of monopoles observed in Lattice configurations depend on the choice of the gauge used to detect them, in contrast to the obvious requirement that monopoles, as physical objects, must have a gauge-invariant status. It is proved, by use of non-abelian Bianchi identities, that monopoles are indeed gauge-invariant: the technique used to detect them has instead an efficiency which depends on the choice of the abelian projection, in a known and controllable way.
The number and the location of the monopoles observed on the lattice in QCD configurations happens to depend strongly on the choice of the gauge used to expose them, in contrast to the physical expectation that monopoles be gauge invariant objects. It is proved by use of the non abelian Bianchi identities (NABI) that monopoles are indeed gauge invariant, but the method used to detect them depends, in a controllable way, on the choice of the abelian projection. Numerical checks are presented.
The hypothesis is analysed that the monopoles condensing in QCD vacuum to make it a dual superconductor are classical solutions of the equations of motion.
We develop the formalism for the evaluation of density-density correlators in lattice QCD that includes techniques for the computation of the all-to-all propagators involved. A novel technique in this context is the implementation of the one-end trick in the meson sector. Density-density correlators provide a gauge invariant definition for the hadron wave function and yield information on hadron deformation. We evaluate density-density correlators using two degenerate flavors of dynamical Wilson fermions for the pion, the rho-meson, the nucleon and the $Delta$. Using the one-end trick we obtain results that clearly show deformation of the rho-meson.
We study infrared conformality of the twelve-flavor QCD on the lattice. Utilizing the highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ) type action which is useful to study the continuum physics, we analyze the lattice data of the mass and the decay constant of a pseudoscalar meson and the mass of a vector meson as well at several values of lattice spacing and fermion mass. Our result is consistent with the conformal hypothesis for the mass anomalous dimension $gamma_m sim 0.4-0.5$.