No Arabic abstract
Linear polarization measurements have been performed for $gamma$-rays in $^{91}$Ru produced with the $^{58}$Ni($^{36}$Ar, $2p1n$$gamma$)$^{91}$Ru reaction at a beam energy of 111 MeV. The EXOGAM Ge clover array has been used to measure the $gamma$-$gamma$ coincidences, $gamma$-ray linear polarization and $gamma$-ray angular distributions. The polarization sensitivity of the EXOGAM clover detectors acting as Compton polarimeters has been determined in the energy range 0.3$-$1.3 MeV. Several transitions have been observed for the first time. Measurements of linear polarization and angular distribution have led to the firm assignments of spin differences and parity of high-spin states in $^{91}$Ru. More specifically, calculations using a semi-empirical shell model were performed to understand the structures of the first and second (21/2$^{+}$) and (17/2$^{+}$) levels. The results are in good agreement with the experimental data, supporting the interpretation of the non yrast (21/2$^{+}$) and (17/2$^{+}$) states in terms of the $J_{rm max}$ and $J_{rm max}-2$ members of the seniority-three $ u(g_{9/2})^{-3}$ multiplet.
The $ E2/M1 $ multipole mixing ratio ($ delta $), reported by J. Gizon et al. Phys. Rev. C 17, 596 (1978), for 365 keV $ gamma $-transition in isotope[129]Ba is reevaluated and found altered. Experimentally determined angular distribution coefficients indicate a large E2 admixture in the 365 keV $ gamma $-ray. Indeed, it is found in better agreement with the reported linear polarization value for this $ gamma $-ray.
The low-lying structures of the midshell $ u g_{9/2}$ Ni isotopes $^{72}$Ni and $^{74}$Ni have been investigated at the RIBF facility in RIKEN within the EURICA collaboration. Previously unobserved low-lying states were accessed for the first time following $beta$ decay of the mother nuclei $^{72}$Co and $^{74}$Co. As a result, we provide a complete picture in terms of the seniority scheme up to the first $(8^+)$ levels for both nuclei. The experimental results are compared to shell-model calculations in order to define to what extent the seniority quantum number is preserved in the first neutron $g_{9/2}$ shell. We find that the disappearance of the seniority isomerism in the $(8^+_1)$ states can be explained by a lowering of the seniority-four $(6^+)$ levels as predicted years ago. For $^{74}$Ni, the internal de-excitation pattern of the newly observed $(6^+_2)$ state supports a restoration of the normal seniority ordering up to spin $J=4$. This property, unexplained by the shell-model calculations, is in agreement with a dominance of the single-particle spherical regime near $^{78}$Ni.
A {gamma}-ray linear polarization measurement has been performed to directly determine the parities for the levels in 146Gd nucleus. High-spin states in this nucleus were populated in a reaction 115In + 34S at 140 MeV incident energy. Linearly polarized {gamma} - rays emitted from oriented states were measured using a Compton polarimeter consisting of an array of 8 Compton-suppressed Clover detectors. Unambiguous assignments of the spin and parity have been made for most of the observed levels and changes made in the previously reported spin-parity assignments for a few levels. Shell model calculations performed with judicious truncation over the {pi}(gdsh) valence space interpret the structure of only the low-lying levels up to J{pi} = 19+ and 9-. N = 82 neutron-core breaking is found to be essential for high spin states with excitation energies Ex > 7 MeV.
The transition quadrupole moments, $Q_{t}$, of rotational bands in the neutron-rich, even-mass $^{102-108}$Mo and $^{108-112}$Ru nuclei were measured in the 8 to 16 $hbar $ spin range with the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The nuclei were populated as fission fragments from $^{252}$Cf fission. The detector setup consisted of the Gammasphere spectrometer and the HERCULES fast-plastic array. At moderate spin, the $Q_{t}$ moments are found to be reduced with respect to the values near the ground states. Attempts to describe the observations in mean-field-based models, specifically cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory, illustrate the challenge theory faces and the difficulty to infer information on $gamma $ softness and triaxiality from the data.
Recent high-precision mass measurements and shell model calculations~[Phys. Rev. Lett. {bf 108}, 212501 (2012)] have challenged a longstanding explanation for the requirement of a cubic isobaric multiplet mass equation for the lowest $A = 9$ isospin quartet. The conclusions relied upon the choice of the excitation energy for the second $T = 3/2$ state in $^9$B, which had two conflicting measurements prior to this work. We remeasured the energy of the state using the $^9{rm Be}(^3{rm He},t)$ reaction and significantly disagree with the most recent measurement. Our result supports the contention that continuum coupling in the most proton-rich member of the quartet is not the predominant reason for the large cubic term required for $A = 9$ nuclei.