No Arabic abstract
We prove that the rank gradient vanishes for mapping class groups of genus bigger than 1, $Aut(F_n)$, for all $n$, $Out(F_n)$ for $n geq 3$, and any Artin group whose underlying graph is connected. These groups have fixed price 1. We compute the rank gradient and verify that it is equal to the first $L^2$-Betti number for some classes of Coxeter groups.
We prove that the conjugacy problem in right-angled Artin groups (RAAGs), as well as in a large and natural class of subgroups of RAAGs, can be solved in linear-time. This class of subgroups contains, for instance, all graph braid groups (i.e. fundamental groups of configuration spaces of points in graphs), many hyperbolic groups, and it coincides with the class of fundamental groups of ``special cube complexes studied independently by Haglund and Wise.
The Tits Conjecture, proved by Crisp and Paris, states that squares of the standard generators of any Artin group generate an obvious right-angled Artin subgroup. We consider a larger set of elements consisting of all the centers of the irreducible spherical special subgroups of the Artin group, and conjecture that sufficiently large powers of those elements generate an obvious right-angled Artin subgroup. This alleged right-angled Artin subgroup is in some sense as large as possible; its nerve is homeomorphic to the nerve of the ambient Artin group. We verify this conjecture for the class of locally reducible Artin groups, which includes all $2$-dimensional Artin groups, and for spherical Artin groups of any type other than $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$. We use our results to conclude that certain Artin groups contain hyperbolic surface subgroups, answering questions of Gordon, Long and Reid.
In his work on the Novikov conjecture, Yu introduced Property $A$ as a readily verified criterion implying coarse embeddability. Studied subsequently as a property in its own right, Property $A$ for a discrete group is known to be equivalent to exactness of the reduced group $C^*$-algebra and to the amenability of the action of the group on its Stone-Cech compactification. In this paper we study exactness for groups acting on a finite dimensional $CAT(0)$ cube complex. We apply our methods to show that Artin groups of type FC are exact. While many discrete groups are known to be exact the question of whether every Artin group is exact remains open.
We show that a triangle Artin group $text{Art}_{MNP}$ where $Mleq Nleq P$ splits as an amalgamated product or an HNN extension of finite rank free groups, provided that either $M>2$, or $N>3$. We also prove that all even three generator Artin groups are residually finite.
We show that if a right-angled Artin group $A(Gamma)$ has a non-trivial, minimal action on a tree $T$ which is not a line, then $Gamma$ contains a separating subgraph $Lambda$ such that $A(Lambda)$ stabilizes an edge in $T$.