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Register a new userObservation of a p-wave Optical Feshbach Resonance
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We demonstrate a p$-wave optical Feshbach resonance (OFR) using purely long-range molecular states of a fermionic isotope of ytterbium ^{171}Yb, following the proposition made by K. Goyal et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 062704 (2010)]. The p-wave OFR is clearly observed as a modification of a photoassociation rate for atomic ensembles at about 5 micro-Kelvins. A scattering phase shift variation of delta eta=0.022 rad is observed with an atom loss rate coefficient K=28.0*10^{-12} cm^3/s.
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We study the use of an optical Feshbach resonance to modify the p-wave interaction between ultracold polarized Yb-171 spin-1/2 fermions. A laser exciting two colliding atoms to the 1S_0 + 3P_1 channel can be detuned near a purely-long-range excited molecular bound state. Such an exotic molecule has an inner turning point far from the chemical binding region and thus three-body-recombination in the Feshbach resonance will be highly suppressed in contrast to that typically seen in a ground state p-wave magnetic Feshbach resonance. We calculate the excited molecular bound-state spectrum using a multichannel integration of the Schr{o}dinger equation, including an external perturbation by a magnetic field. From the multichannel wave functions, we calculate the Feshbach resonance properties, including the modification of the elastic p-wave scattering volume and inelastic spontaneous scattering rate. The use of magnetic fields and selection rules for polarized light yields a highly controllable system. We apply this control to propose a toy model for three-color superfluidity in an optical lattice for spin-polarized Yb-171, where the three colors correspond to the three spatial orbitals of the first excited p-band. We calculate the conditions under which tunneling and on-site interactions are comparable, at which point quantum critical behavior is possible.
Controlling physical systems and their dynamics on the level of individual quanta propels both fundamental science and quantum technologies. Trapped atomic and molecular systems, neutral and charged, are at the forefront of quantum science. Their extraordinary level of control is evidenced by numerous applications in quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Studying the long-range interactions between these systems when combined in a hybrid atom-ion trap has lead to landmark results. Reaching the ultracold regime, however, where quantum mechanics dominates the interaction, e.g., giving access to controllable scattering resonances, has been elusive so far. Here we demonstrate Feshbach resonances between ions and atoms, using magnetically tunable interactions between $^{138}$Ba$^{+}$ ions and $^{6}$Li atoms. We tune the experimental parameters to probe different interaction processes - first, enhancing three-body reactions and the related losses to identify the resonances, then making two-body interactions dominant to investigate the ions sympathetic cooling in the ultracold atomic bath. Our results provide deeper insights into atom-ion interactions, giving access to complex many-body systems and applications in experimental quantum simulation.
We study ultracold collisions in fermionic ytterbium by precisely measuring the energy shifts they impart on the atoms internal clock states. Exploiting Fermi statistics, we uncover p-wave collisions, in both weakly and strongly interacting regimes. With the higher density afforded by two-dimensional lattice confinement, we demonstrate that strong interactions can lead to a novel suppression of this collision shift. In addition to reducing the systematic errors of lattice clocks, this work has application to quantum information and quantum simulation with alkaline-earth atoms.
We present a semi-analytical treatment of both the elastic and inelastic collisional properties near a p-wave Feshbach resonance. Our model is based on a simple three channel system that reproduces more elaborate coupled-channel calculations. We stress the main differences between s-wave and p-wave scattering. We show in particular that, for elastic and inelastic scattering close to a p-wave Feshbach resonance, resonant processes dominate over the low-energy behaviour.
We study the stability of the paired fermionic p-wave superfluid made out of identical atoms all in the same hyperfine state close to a p-wave Feshbach resonance. First we reproduce known results concerning the lifetime of a 3D superfluid, in particular, we show that it decays at the same rate as its interaction energy, thus precluding its equilibration before it decays. Then we proceed to study its stability in case when the superfluid is confined to 2D by means of an optical harmonic potential. We find that the relative stability is somewhat improved in 2D in the BCS regime, such that the decay rate is now slower than the appropriate interaction energy scale. The improvement in stability, however, is not dramatic and one probably needs to look for other mechanisms to suppress decay to create a long lived 2D p-wave fermionic superfluid.
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