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Register a new userConversion coefficients for superheavy elements
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In this paper we report on internal conversion coefficients for Z = 111 to Z = 126 superheavy elements obtained from relativistic Dirac-Fock (DF) calculations. The effect of the atomic vacancy created during the conversion process has been taken into account using the so called Frozen Orbital approximation. The selection of this atomic model is supported by our recent comparison of experimental and theoretical conversion coefficients across a wide range of nuclei. The atomic masses, valence shell electron configurations, and theoretical atomic binding energies required for the calculations were adopted from a critical evaluation of the published data. The new conversion coefficient data tables presented here cover all atomic shells, transition energies from 1 keV up to 6000 keV, and multipole orders of 1 to 5. A similar approach was used in our previous calculations [1] for Z = 5 - 110.
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The internal conversion coefficients (ICC) were calculated for all atomic subshells of the elements with 104<=Z<=126, the E1...E4, M1...M4 multipolarities and the transition energies between 10 and 1000 keV. The atomic screening was treated in the relativistic Hartree-Fock-Slater model. The Tables comprising almost 90000 subshell and total ICC were recently deposited at LANL preprint server.
The internal conversion coefficients for the elements 104 <= Z <= 126 are presented.
We use the considered axial deformed relativistic mean field theory to perform systematical calculations for Z=112 and 104 isotopic chains with force parameters NL3, NL-SH and NL-Z2 sets. Three deformed chains (oblate, moderate prolate and super-deformed chain) are found for Z=112 and 104 isotopic chains. It is found that there is a chain of super-deformed nuclei which can increase the stability of superheavy nuclei in the Z=112 isotopic chain. Shape coexistence is found for Z=112, 104 isotopic chain and the position is defined. For moderate prolate deformed chains of Z=112 and 104, there is shell closure at N=184 for moderate prolate deformed chain. For oblate deformed chain of Z=112, the shell closure appears around at N=176. For super-deformed chains of Z=112 and 104, the position of shell closure have strong parameter dependence. There is shell anomalism for oblate or superdeformed nuclei.
Possible sources of uncertainties in the calculations of the internal conversion coefficients are studied. The uncertainties induced by them are estimated.
The mechanism of fusion hindrance, an effect observed in the reactions of cold, warm and hot fusion leading to production of the superheavy elements, is investigated. A systematics of transfermium production cross sections is used to determine fusion probabilities. Mechanism of fusion hindrance is described as a competition of fusion and quasi-fission. Available evaporation residue cross sections in the superheavy region are reproduced satisfactorily. Analysis of the measured capture cross sections is performed and a sudden disappearance of the capture cross sections is observed at low fusion probabilities. A dependence of the fusion hindrance on the asymmetry of the projectile-target system is investigated using the available data. The most promising pathways for further experiments are suggested.
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