No Arabic abstract
I show that the classical Hamilton-Jacobi (H-J) equation can be used as a technique to study quantum mechanical problems. I first show that the the Schrodinger equation is just the classical H-J equation, constrained by a condition that forces the solutions of the H-J equation to be everywhere $C^2$. That is, quantum mechanics is just classical mechanics constrained to ensure that ``God does not play dice with the universe. I show that this condition, which imposes global determinism, strongly suggests that $psi^*psi$ measures the density of universes in a multiverse. I show that this interpretation implies the Born Interpretation, and that the function space for $psi$ is larger than a Hilbert space, with plane waves automatically included. Finally, I use H-J theory to derive the momentum-position uncertainty relation, thus proving that in quantum mechanics, uncertainty arises from the interference of the other universes of the multiverse, not from some intrinsic indeterminism in nature.
We prove that a solution of the Schrodinger-type equation $mathrm{i}partial_t u= Hu$, where $H$ is a Jacobi operator with asymptotically constant coefficients, cannot decay too fast at two different times unless it is trivial.
We consider the following evolutionary Hamilton-Jacobi equation with initial condition: begin{equation*} begin{cases} partial_tu(x,t)+H(x,u(x,t),partial_xu(x,t))=0, u(x,0)=phi(x), end{cases} end{equation*} where $phi(x)in C(M,mathbb{R})$. Under some assumptions on the convexity of $H(x,u,p)$ with respect to $p$ and the Osgood growth of $H(x,u,p)$ with respect to $u$, we establish an implicitly variational principle and provide an intrinsic relation between viscosity solutions and certain minimal characteristics. Moreover, we obtain a representation formula of the viscosity solution of the evolutionary Hamilton-Jacobi equation.
In this paper, we study a stochastic recursive optimal control problem in which the value functional is defined by the solution of a backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) under $tilde{G}$-expectation. Under standard assumptions, we establish the comparison theorem for this kind of BSDE and give a novel and simple method to obtain the dynamic programming principle. Finally, we prove that the value function is the unique viscosity solution of a type of fully nonlinear HJB equation.
The Born Interpretation of the wave function gives only the relative frequencies as the number of observations approaches infinity. Using the Many-Worlds Interpretation of quantum mechanics, specifically the fact that there must exist oth
We study the quantum-mechanical uncertainty relation originating from the successive measurement of two observables $hat{A}$ and $hat{B}$, with eigenvalues $a_n$ and $b_m$, respectively, performed on the same system. We use an extension of the von Neumann model of measurement, in which two probes interact with the same system proper at two successive times, so we can exhibit how the disturbing effect of the first interaction affects the second measurement. Detecting the statistical properties of the second {em probe} variable $Q_2$ conditioned on the first {em probe} measurement yielding $Q_1$ we obtain information on the statistical distribution of the {em system} variable $b_m$ conditioned on having found the system variable $a_n$ in the interval $delta a$ around $a^{(n)}$. The width of this statistical distribution as function of $delta a$ constitutes an {em uncertainty relation}. We find a general connection of this uncertainty relation with the commutator of the two observables that have been measured successively. We illustrate this relation for the successive measurement of position and momentum in the discrete and in the continuous cases and, within a model, for the successive measurement of a more general class of observables.