We investigate the addition spectrum of a graphene quantum dot in the vicinity of the electron-hole crossover as a function of perpendicular magnetic field. Coulomb blockade resonances of the 50 nm wide dot are visible at all gate voltages across the transport gap ranging from hole to electron transport. The magnetic field dependence of more than 50 states displays the unique complex evolution of the diamagnetic spectrum of a graphene dot from the low-field regime to the Landau regime with the n=0 Landau level situated in the center of the transport gap marking the electron-hole crossover. The average peak spacing in the energy region around the crossover decreases with increasing magnetic field. In the vicinity of the charge neutrality point we observe a well resolved and rich excited state spectrum.
Laterally localized electronic states are identified on a single layer of graphene on ruthenium. The individual states are separated by 3 nm and comprise regions of about 90 carbon atoms. This constitutes a quantum dot array, evidenced by quantum well resonances that are modulated by the corrugation of the graphene layer. The quantum well resonances are strongest on the isolated hill regions where the graphene is decoupled from the surface. This peculiar nanostructure is expected to become important for single electron physics where it bridges zero-dimensional molecule-like and two-dimensional graphene on a highly regular lattice.
Second order perturbation theory and a Lipkin-Nogami scheme combined with an exact Monte Carlo projection after variation are applied to compute the ground-state energy of $6le Nle 210$ electron-hole pairs confined in a parabolic two-dimensional quantum dot. The energy shows nice scaling properties as N or the confinement strength is varied. A crossover from the high-density electron-hole phase to the BCS excitonic phase is found at a density which is roughly four times the close-packing density of excitons.
We theoretically investigate correlated electron-hole states in vertically coupled quantum dots. Employing a prototypical double-dot confinement and a configuration-interaction description for the electron-hole states, it is shown that the few-particle ground state undergoes transitions between different quantum states as a function of the interdot distance, resulting in unexpected spatial correlations among carriers and in electron-hole localization. Such transitions provide a direct manifestations of inter- and intradot correlations, which can be directly monitored in experiments.
Excitonic spectra are calculated for free-standing, surface passivated InAs quantum dots using atomic pseudopotentials for the single-particle states and screened Coulomb interactions for the two-body terms. We present an analysis of the single particle states involved in each excitation in terms of their angular momenta and Bloch-wave parentage. We find that (i) in agreement with other pseudopotential studies of CdSe and InP quantum dots, but in contrast to k.p calculations, dot states wavefunction exhibit strong odd-even angular momentum envelope function mixing (e.g. $s$ with $p$) and large valence-conduction coupling. (ii) While the pseudopotential approach produced very good agreement with experiment for free-standing, colloidal CdSe and InP dots, and for self-assembled (GaAs-embedded) InAs dots, here the predicted spectrum does {em not} agree well with the measured (ensemble average over dot sizes) spectra. (1) Our calculated excitonic gap is larger than the PL measure one, and (2) while the spacing between the lowest excitons is reproduced, the spacings between higher excitons is not fit well. Discrepancy (1) could result from surface states emission. As for (2), agreement is improved when account is taken of the finite size distribution in the experimental data. (iii) We find that the single particle gap scales as $R^{-1.01}$ (not $R^{-2}$), that the screened (unscreened) electron-hole Coulomb interaction scales as $R^{-1.79}$ ($R^{-0.7}$), and that the eccitonic gap sclaes as $R^{-0.9}$. These scaling laws are different from those expected from simple models.
We present transport measurements through an electrostatically defined bilayer graphene double quantum dot in the single electron regime. With the help of a back gate, two split gates and two finger gates we are able to control the number of charge carriers on two gate-defined quantum dot independently between zero and five. The high tunability of the device meets requirements to make such a device a suitable building block for spin-qubits. In the single electron regime, we determine interdot tunnel rates on the order of 2~GHz. Both, the interdot tunnel coupling, as well as the capacitive interdot coupling increase with dot occupation, leading to the transition to a single quantum dot. Finite bias magneto-spectroscopy measurements allow to resolve the excited state spectra of the first electrons in the double quantum dot; being in agreement with spin and valley conserving interdot tunneling processes.