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Register a new userCosmological number density in depth from V/Vm distribution
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Using distribution p(V/Vm) of V/Vm rather than just mean <V/Vm> in V/Vm-test leads directly to cosmological number density n(z). Calculation of n(z) from p(V/Vm) is illustrated using best sample (of 76 quasars) available in 1981, when method was developed. This is only illustrative, sample being too small for any meaningful results. Keywords: V/Vm . luminosity volume . cosmological number density . V/Vm distribution
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The classical cosmological V/Vm-test is introduced. Use of the differential distribution p(V/Vm) of the V/Vm-variable rather than just the mean <V/Vm> leads directly to the cosmological number density without any need for assumptions about the cosmological evolution of the underlying (quasar) population. Calculation of this number density n(z) from p(V/Vm) is illustrated using the best sample that was available in 1981, when this method was developed. This sample of 76 quasars is clearly too small for any meaningful results. The method will be later applied to a much larger cosmological sample to infer the cosmological number density n(z) as a function of the depth z. Keywords: V/Vm . luminosity volume . cosmological number density . V/Vm distribution
Using distribution p(V/Vm) of V/Vm rather than just mean <V/Vm> in V/Vm-test leads directly to cosmological number density n(z). Calculation of n(z) from p(V/Vm) is illustrated using best sample (of 76 quasars) available in 1981, when method was developed. This is only illustrative, sample being too small for any meaningful results. Keywords: V/Vm . luminosity volume . cosmological number density . V/Vm distribution
The classical cosmological V/Vm-test is introduced and elaborated. Use of the differential distribution p(V/Vm) of the V/Vm-variable rather than just the mean <V/Vm> leads directly to the cosmological number density without any need for assumptions about the cosmological evolution of the underlying (quasar) population. Calculation of this number density n(z) from p(V/Vm) is illustrated using the best sample that was available in 1981, when this method was developed. This sample of 76 quasars is clearly too small for any meaningful results. The method will be later applied to a much larger cosmological sample to infer the cosmological number density n(z) as a function of the depth z. Keywords: V/Vm . luminosity volume . cosmological number density . V/Vm distribution
Banhatti (2009) set down the procedure to derive cosmological number density n(z) from the differential distribution p(x) of the fractional luminosity volume relative to the maximum volume, x equiv V/Vm (0 leq x leq 1), using a small sample of 76 quasars for illustrative purposes. This procedure is here applied to a bigger sample of 286 quasars selected from Parkes half-Jansky flat-spectrum survey at 2.7 GHz (Drinkwater et al 1997). The values of n(z) are obtained for 8 values of redshift z from 0 to 3.5. The function n(z) can be interpreted in terms of redshift distribution obtained by integrating the radio luminosity function {rho}(P, z) over luminosities P for the survey limiting flux density S0 = 0.5 Jy. Keywords. V/Vm - luminosity-volume - cosmological number density - redshift distribution - luminosity function - quasars [Note: This somewhat modified version was submitted to MNRaS on 14 July 2016. It was (almost) rejected, except if thoroughly revised.]
The one-point probability distribution function (PDF) of the matter density field in the universe is a fundamental property that plays an essential role in cosmology for estimates such as gravitational weak lensing, non-linear clustering, massive production of mock galaxy catalogs, and testing predictions of cosmological models. Here we make a comprehensive analysis of the dark matter PDF using a suite of 7000 N-body simulations that covers a wide range of numerical and cosmological parameters. We find that the PDF has a simple shape: it declines with density as a power-law P~rho**(-2), which is exponentially suppressed on both small and large densities. The proposed double-exponential approximation provides an accurate fit to all our N-body results for small filtering scales R< 5Mpc/h with rms density fluctuations sigma>1. In combination with the spherical infall model that works well for small fluctuations sigma<1, the PDF is now approximated with just few percent errors over the range of twelve orders of magnitude -- a remarkable example of precision cosmology. We find that at 5-10% level the PDF explicitly depends on redshift (at fixed sigma) and on cosmological density parameter Omega_m. We test different existing analytical approximations and find that the often used log-normal approximation is always 3-5 times less accurate than either the double-exponential approximation or the spherical infall model.
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