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Register a new userFluctuations of the $K/pi$ Ratio in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions: Statistical and Transport Models
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M.I. Gorenstein
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Event-by-event fluctuations of the kaon to pion number ratio in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied within the statistical hadron-resonance gas model (SM) for different statistical ensembles and in the Hadron-String-Dynamics (HSD) transport approach. We find that the HSD model can qualitatively reproduce the measured excitation function for the $K/pi$ ratio fluctuations in central Au+Au (or Pb+Pb) collisions from low SPS up to top RHIC energies. Substantial differences in the HSD and SM results are found for the fluctuations and correlations of the kaon and pion numbers. These predictions impose a challenge for future experiments.
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Particle number fluctuations and correlations in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS and RHIC energies are studied within the statistical hadron-resonance gas model in different statistical ensembles and in the Hadron-String-Dynamics (HSD) transport approach. Event-by-event fluctuations of the proton to pion and kaon to proton number ratios are calculated in the HSD model for the samples of most central collision events and compared with the available experimental data. The role of the experimental acceptance and centrality selection is discussed.
Particle number fluctuations and correlations in nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS and RHIC energies have been studied within the Hadron-String-Dynamics (HSD) transport approach. Event-by-event fluctuations of pion-to-kaon, proton-to-pion and kaon-to-proton number ratios are calculated for the samples of most central collision events and compared with the available experimental data. It has been found that the HSD model can qualitatively reproduce the measured excitation function for the $K/pi$ ratio fluctuations in central Au+Au (or Pb+Pb) collisions from low SPS up to top RHIC energies. These predictions impose a challenge for future experiments.
The production of antiprotons in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus reactions is calculated within the relativistic BUU approach employing proper selfenergies for the baryons and antiprotons and treating the p-bar annihilation nonperturbatively. The differential cross section for the antiprotons is found to be very sensitive to the p-bar selfenergy adopted. A detailed comparison with the available experimental data for p-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus reactions shows that the antiproton feels a moderately attractive mean-field at normal nuclear matter density which is in line with a dispersive potential extracted from the free annihilation cross section.
The number of particles detected in a nucleus-nucleus collision strongly depends on the impact parameter of the collision. Therefore, multiplicity fluctuations, as well as rapidity correlations of multiplicities, are dominated by impact parameter fluctuations. We present a method based on Bayesian inference which allows for a robust reconstruction of fluctuations and correlations at fixed impact parameter. We apply the method to ATLAS data on the distribution of charged multiplicity and transverse energy. We argue that multiplicity fluctuations are smaller at large rapidity than around central rapidity. We suggest simple, new analyses, in order to confirm this effect.
Predictions on fluctuations of hadron production properties in central heavy ion collisions are presented. They are based on the Statistical Model of the Early Stage and extend previously published results by considering the strongly intensive measures of fluctuations. In several of the considered cases a significant change in collision energy dependence of calculated quantities as a result of the phase transition is predicted. This provides an opportunity to observe new signals of the onset of deconfinement in heavy ion collisions experiments.
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