No Arabic abstract
We consider the model of a false vacuum bubble with a thin wall where the surface energy density is composed of two different components, domain-wall type and dust type, with opposite signs. We find stably oscillating solutions, which we call breathing bubbles. By decay to a lower mass state, such a breathing bubble could become either i) a child universe or ii) a bubble that eats up the original universe, depending on the sign of the surface energy of the domain-wall component. We also discuss the effect of the finite-thickness corrections to the thin-wall approximation and possible origins of the energy contents of our model.
We consider a finite-size spherical bubble with a nonequilibrium value of the $q$-field, where the bubble is immersed in an infinite vacuum with the constant equilibrium value $q_{0}$ for the $q$-field (this $q_{0}$ has already cancelled an initial cosmological constant). Numerical results are presented for the time evolution of such a $q$-bubble with gravity turned off and with gravity turned on. For small enough bubbles and a $q$-field energy scale sufficiently below the gravitational energy scale $E_text{Planck}$, the vacuum energy of the $q$-bubble is found to disperse completely. For large enough bubbles and a finite value of $E_text{Planck}$, the vacuum energy of the $q$-bubble disperses only partially and there occurs gravitational collapse near the bubble center.
In this paper, we have presented a model of the FLRW universe filled with matter and dark energy fluids, by assuming an ansatz that deceleration parameter is a linear function of the Hubble constant. This results in a time-dependent DP having decelerating-accelerating transition phase of the universe. This is a quintessence model $omega_{(de)}geq -1$. The quintessence phase remains for the period $(0 leq z leq 0.5806)$. The model is shown to satisfy current observational constraints. Various cosmological parameters relating to the history of the universe have been investigated.
It has been shown beyond reasonable doubt that the majority (about 95%) of the total energy budget of the universe is given by the dark components, namely Dark Matter and Dark Energy. What constitutes these components remains to be satisfactorily understood however, despite a number of promising candidates. An associated conundrum is that of the coincidence, i.e. the question as to why the Dark Matter and Dark Energy densities are of the same order of magnitude at the present epoch, after evolving over the entire expansion history of the universe. In an attempt to address these, we consider a quantum potential resulting from a quantum corrected Raychaudhuri/Friedmann equation in presence of a cosmic fluid, which is presumed to be a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of ultralight bosons. For a suitable and physically motivated macroscopic ground state wavefunction of the BEC, we show that a unified picture of the cosmic dark sector can indeed emerge, thus resolving the issue of the coincidence. The effective Dark energy component turns out to be a cosmological constant, by virtue of a residual homogeneous term in the quantum potential. Furthermore, comparison with the observational data gives an estimate of the mass of the constituent bosons in the BEC, which is well within the bounds predicted from other considerations.
We show that the combined system of general relativity with a non minimally coupled electromagnetic field presents a bifurcation in a cosmical framework driven by a cosmological constant. In the same framework we show the existence of states such that the resulting combined energy (the sum of the minimally and the non minimally coupled energy momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field) vanishes in a sort of violation of the action-reaction principle.
This paper invokes a new mechanism for reducing a coupled system of fields (including Einsteins equations without a cosmological constant) to equations that possess solutions exhibiting characteristics of immediate relevance to current observational astronomy. Our approach is formulated as a classical Einstein-vector-scalar-Maxwell-fluid field theory on a spacetime with three-sphere spatial sections. Analytic cosmological solutions are found using local charts familiar from standard LFRW cosmological models. These solutions can be used to describe different types of evolution for the metric scale factor, the Hubble, jerk and de-acceleration functions, the scalar spacetime curvature and the Kretschmann invariant. The cosmological sector of the theory accommodates a particular single big-bang scenario followed by an eternal exponential acceleration of the scale factor. Such a solution does not require an externally prescribed fluid equation of state and leads to a number of new predictions including a current value of the jerk parameter, Hopfian-like source-free Maxwell field configurations with magnetic helicity and distributional bi-polar solutions exhibiting a new charge conjugation symmetry. An approximate scheme for field perturbations about this particular cosmology is explored and its consequences for a thermalisation process and a thermal history are derived, leading to a prediction of the time interval between the big-bang and the decoupling era. Finally it is shown that field couplings exist where both vector and scalar localised linearised perturbations exhibit dispersive wave-packet behaviours. The scalar perturbation may also give rise to Yukawa solutions associated with a massive Klein-Gordon particle. It is argued that the vector and scalar fields may offer candidates for dark-energy and dark-matter respectively.