Latakia is a Syrian city that generates approximately 800 tons per day of municipal solid waste MSW, and the final disposal of MSW is in Al-Bassa open dump with no biogas capturing or leachate collection systems. Thus, a life cycle assessment approach LCA was used to determine the optimal strategy of municipal solid waste management. to find the most eco-friendly scenario, first, the composition study of MSW was conducted in Latakia. The results of first step are to be utilized as a reliable data source in establishing a complete picture of the environmental performances of municipal solid waste management systems with a life cycle perspective. The functional unit of the study was selected as one ton of MSW generated in Latakia. System boundaries included treatment and disposal of MSW using different scenarios: the open dump of waste, sanitary landfilling with gas recovery, and a material recovery facility MRF combined with a sanitary landfill and gas recovery. Data on the process was gathered from a field study conducted in Latakia, and from SimaPro 8.3.0 literature and libraries. The data was evaluated with IMPACT 2002+ methodology and the assessed environmental impact categories were climate change, human health, ecosystem quality, and resources. According to the results, while open dumping has been confirmed as the worst waste final disposal method, landfilling with gas recovery and material recovery facility showed better performance and is considered as a solution towards improved sustainability to overcome the existing waste management problem.