A 2D numerical analysis by using the Finite Elements Method of the Modeling Methods of Closed Shield Tunneling and the Surface Subsidence induced by that

In this paper, the modeling methods of tunneling and the surface subsidence induced by that have been studied by using two-dimensional numerical analysis according to the FEM method, assuming the green field condition، which means that there is no load on the soil surface above the tunnel. A FE study was conducted in which an elasto-plastic constitutive model was adopted to model the soil behavior (HS, HSsmall). This article includes a comparison between the results of numerical analysis and field measurements to executed projects، and a suggested method for modeling tunnel excavation and surface subsidence induced by that.