Aim: Study of advantages of retrobulbar anesthesia and its complications in posterior vitrectomy using 0.5% bupivacaine with lidocaine 2% Materials and Methods: Number of study patients: 1000 patients who underwent a retrobulbar anesthesia using a combination of 4 ml bupivacaine 0.5% + 6 ml lidocaine 2% for a Pars-planaposterior vitrectomy. Results: Patients aged between 16-85 years, 55% of whom were males and 45% females, the indications of the Pars-plana vitrectomy were: 45% diabetic retinopathy, 15% macular hole, 10 lens-luxation , 7% artificial lens dislocation, 5% chorioiditis,5% posttraumatic vitreous haemorrhage , 5% macular pucker, 5% rhegmtogenous retinal detachment, 5% intraocular foreign body, 0.5% endophthalmitis. Complications: 0.4% retrobulbar hemorrhage, 2% elevated intraocular pressure, 0.2%, expulsive choreoidale haemorrhage, pain 8%, fear, anxietyand tension 0.2%, eyelid haematome 4%, patient movement 1.3% , diplopia 1%, ptosis 1,3%, low heart rate and low arterial pressure 0.3%. Conclusion : retrobulbar anesthesia is recommended with the combination of bupivacain and lidocaine in the posterior vitreorectomy, with some exceptions such as drug allergies, single eye, high myopy, advanced optic nerve lesions, children, no coopertion.