The Fedayeen in The Levant (Emergence , Castles and Architecture) (AH/1095-1273AD672 – 488)


Abstract in English

During the Abbasid era , the second half of 5th century AH – 11th century A D , the levant ,which turned to a chessboard governed by conflicting states, suffered from crawling of Seljuk empire. This situations accompanied by the death of Fatimid calipha ( Al-mustansir) (487 AH-1094 AD). And as a sequence, the Ismaili cult splitted to Mustaali and Nizari. Nizariyya , which centered in Alamut castle, north of Persia, since 448 AH/ 1095 AD, worked to establish a state in the levant. At 535 AH/1141 AD , they bring to life a series of castlesm, named ( qelaa Alfdaoyah) , which continued alive over 130 years , depending on creating a balance between conflicting parties of Zangid Ayyubids with the Franks .When the unification of the levant and Egypt was done, under control of Mamluk , foundations of Alfdaoyah were undermined as a result. But despite its disappearance from political theatre , their castles and remains are still a witness to their excellence.

References used

حسين، محمد كامل، طائفة الإسماعيلية، مكتبة النهضة المصرية، القاهرة, ط1, 1959م, 324ص.
حموده، محمود، تطور الكتابة الخطية العربية، دار النهضة، القاهرة، ط 1, 2000م, 376ص.
عميري، ابراهيم، سلسلة الجبال الساحلية، دانية، دمشق، ط 1، د. ت, 375ص.

Download