The process of devolution of power is one of the fundamental pillars of the establishment of systems of governance, through peaceful democratic mechanisms which are reflected in the terms of trade, of free elections based on multi-party. In order to achieve the democratic process for power trading by the Syrian legislature instituted radical reforms in the system of government manifested in the (2012 constitution and electoral law No. 5 of 2014 and the Political Parties Law No. 100 of 2011). This research tried to highlight the role of these reforms by clarifying the extent of the impact of the electoral system and the party on the devolution of power process and the role of the new Syrian political parties in this process.