This research is designed to study the diagnostic yield of brush cytology for biliary strictures. Brush cytology technique is of a great value to provide cytological samples during ERCP for patients with biliary strictures . The study included 34 patients with biliary stricture, ERCP was performed to all patients and cellular samples were taken using a brush for cytology . During the study period (one year) , the final diagnosis was made using a systematic approach based on clinical, radiological, laboratory or histopathological diagnosis . Sensitivity and specificity of brush cytology were studied . The sensitivity of biliary brushing was 57.1% , specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100% , negative predictive value was 76.9% and accuracy was 82% . Conclusions: Brush cytology has a very high specificity but an intermediate sensitivity for the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures . Despite that , brush cytology is of a high diagnostic utility to distinguish between malignant and benign causes of biliary strictures .