Primary survey study of the Bryidae has been reported in this research, whithin range of Biodiversity and Ecodiversity in Syria. We found ٢٩ species, which has been identified, and defined their distribution in different places in the north and south of the country, also the identification of the most important peristome as a scales of classification, the nature of growth substrates, has been investigated. Three of these Bryidae recorded for first time which is: Tortella tortuosa, Grimmia laevigata, Bryum caespiticium.