This research aims to shed light on the reality of population growth and its components and highlighting the characteristics and changes in the educational structure of the population in Syria during the period studied. This study also aims at knowing the position occupied by the population in Syria on the steps of the educational ladder, through the analysis of the percentages for each stage of educational levels. One of the most distinctive results that have been reached, that there is a direct relation yet weak and insignificant statistically between the changes of the population growth rate and those of the educational structure in Syria. Accordingly, those changes of the educational system are related to other changes than the ones of the population growth rate such as the education, government expenditure on education and higher education assimilation policies ,etc.