Anatomical Study of Caluus Stages Intiation and its Development to Embryoiods in Date Palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Cultured In Vitro


Abstract in English

Stages of initial callus and embryiods of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. were histological and chronological studied begging from the ٢nd weeks of culturing segment of shoot tip to ten months in MS medium containing ١٠٠mg/l ٢،٤-D with activated charcoal in the dark. The study reveled that the active meristematic cells were unequally distributed in the explant and concentrated in the shoot apical dome and leaf margin. These cells are the bases from which initial callus started its growth. Somatic proembryo appeared for the first time as a meristematic cells groups separated from each other by relatively thick walls after five months of culturing in continuos culture in the same medium .In progress months (٦-١٠) the small simple proembryos continued into advanced multicell embryos and underwent polarization. Also the embryos were observed with attendance for division and separation into smaller or budded to produce numerous other.

References used

Al-Musawi,A.H.A (٢٠٠١). In vitro production of somatic embryo from different callus stages cultured on high auxin medium in date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. B.D.P.R.J ١(١):٧-١٨.(In Arabic)
Ai-Utbi ,S.D (١٩٩٨). Study of vegetative propagation of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. invitro and the effect of the addition of its flowers and seeds on growth at different morphogenic stages.Ph. D. Thesis. Biology Dept.Science college .Basrah Univ.Basrah ,Iraq. ١١١pp.(In Arabic

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