The Syrian Agricultural Sector plays an important role in the national economy for the sector offers jop opportunities for about 50% of the total Syrian Labor Forces. Furthermore, the sector Provides foods and clothes for citizens, raw materials for national industry and ameliorates trade balance deficit. Cotton is considered one of the social and strategic crop because about 18% of the total Syrian Labor Forces are engaged in cotton affairs starting from plantation to consumers. Additionally, cotton is an exporting crop. In this regard, cotton exporting goods include raw materials, delinted, weaving, textiles and clothes with values of tenths of billions of Syrian Pounds annually. - Cotton cultivation comprises about 20% of the annually irrigated areas, and thus reflecting its relative importance of the Syrian Agriculture. Therefore, our economical study on cotton includes several aspects such as agricultural, productivity, trading, social and industrialization. The study is based on official statistical data, which was been analyzed and discussed in according with certified scientific principles for such studies.