Study of Defluoridation Methods of Drinking Water


Abstract in English

Fluoride ion is present in high concentration in some regions in Syria. As fluoride occurs naturally in water, We have studied some methods of fluoride removal such as Nalgonda technique and activated carbon method. In Nalgonda technique we add Alum and lime to the water, and we have found that fluoride removal efficiency remains constant when the initial concentrations of fluoride changes, or when the chloride ions exists in water, but it depends on pH, and get better when the method is investigated in two steps. In addition, adsorption of fluoride decreases with increasing sedimentation time, or using Ventilated lime or CaCO3 instead of Ca (OH)2. In activated carbon method we have done different experiments by using charcoal of coconut coir, date seeds and olive seeds. And we have found that olive seeds carbon is better than others, and its fluoride removal efficiency increases after impregnation with solution of 2% Al2(SO4)3.

References used

Adachi, A. AK.; Amatsu, N. 1991. "Fluoride in tap and underground water sampler from Kini area in Japan, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology". (46), pp 677-80
Arnold, E; Lenore, S. 1992. "Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, American Public Health Association, 18th edition", (4), p. 59
Azbar, N.; Türkman, A. 2000. ''Defluoridation in Deinking Waters''. (42), Water. Science and Technology, pp. 403-407

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