Symptoms of soft rot showed in some fields cultivated with garlic crop in the Kissweh region (Damascus countryside). Studying this disease, found that the incidence rates ranging between 2.91% to 5.59%. 55 bacterial isolates were isolated from infected samples collected during the seasons 2005 and 2006. The results of five biochemical tests showed that 22 isolates were pectinolitic and they were pathogenic to garlic plant and gave symptoms similar to those observed in the field, theses isolates were classified as belonging to the genus Pectobacterium. To determine the species of the bacteria, they have been characterized towards nine biochemical tests, which allowed the classification of 7 isolates as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, 6 isolates belonged to Pectobacterium atrosepticum, one isolate to Dickeya chrysanthemi (Pectobacterium chrysanthemi), 6 isolates have not been classified and 2 isolate did not characterized . These results have shown for the first time the isolation and identification of the Pectobacterium bacteria causing soft rot on garlic crop in Syria.