Syrian agricultural sector is one of the most sectors which contribute to the national economy, because it provides employment for about 50% of the Syrian labor force. In addition to secure food and clothing to the citizens and the raw materials for the national downstream industries and reduces the trade deficit. The cotton crop is the most important strategic crop and where 18% of the workforce are employed there, starting from the process of agriculture until the delivery of the product to the consumers. In addition to, it is an export crop which includes raw cotton ginned, spun and woven garments worth tens billions of Syrian pounds. The cultivation of cotton is one of the most important irrigated crop in Syria and the relative importance in the Syrian agriculture, For these reasons, the study includes many agricultural aspects - productivity also it depends on official statistical data analyzed and discussed according to the approved scientific basis for such these kinds of studies. The econometrics showed that production and area of cotton was decreased when the cost was increased in spite of there were increases in researches which are done in the fields of cotton.