Four varieties of Safflower seeds grown in Syria in the spring and winter of 2011 were selected. The Safflower oil was separated from those seeds by extraction using petroleum ether, and determined the percentage of oil in all studied samples, the proportion of oil ranged from 23.5 to 28.2 % in the winter planting period and 28.5 to 30.3 % in the spring planting period. The extracted oils were esterficated for the Gas chromatographic analysis in order to show the effect of planting period change in the content of fatty acids. It turns out that the most abundant fatty acid is an Linoleic acid (C18:2) followed by oleic acid in all items except item N7 grown in the spring which have convergent rate. It also shows an increase in the content of (C16:0 and C18:0 and C18:1) and a decrease in (C18:2) with a change in the period of planting from spring to winter, except item N7, which showed a decrease in content of (C18:1) and increase in its content of (C16:0 and C18:0 and C18:2), which led to a change in the iodine value and all the wintry categories have become half dry oils. The results indicate that planting period can be an effective major factor in the quality of oil and fatty acids within its composition, so the ideal period of planting is very important.