Water is an important source and vital for human life and especially in light of the large population growth and lack of water resource in the Middle East, so it knows the international community the importance of the water issue and the adoption of an international treaty under the auspices of the United Nations related to international rivers for purposes of non-navigation, we will discuss in our search the study of the most important principles endorsed by this agreement as a principle of fair use and equitable, and the principle of the obligation not to cause harm to other countries, in addition to display procedures Almtojb followed during the use of international rivers for purposes other than navigation, with link this topic to the status of the Euphrates River as a case process and especially in light of the government's refusal Turkey's signing of the Treaty, and mind that the Euphrates River is an internal river is not subject to international principles of sharing water.