The manifestation of the self-action potential for charge carrier in system consisted of three spatially heterogeneous layers is investigated theoretically. The expressions for the self-action potential energy of a test charge placed in a central layer of the three-layer structures. The self-action potential energy of electron- hole and Wannier – Mott exciton are calculated numerically. The self-action potential energy of electron- hole and Wannier – Mott exciton are plotted as a function.