This research aims to investigate the correlation between the parent caring as the children realize it, and their self –esteem at the late childhood at ten years old in schools of Lattakia. To achieve the aims of this study, the researcher designed two tools: a questionnaire that measures the parental care as the children realize it and a questionnaire that measures the children's self-esteem. The two tools were applied on a sample randomly selected, which consisted of (137) children. The results were as the following: 1- There is a statistically significant correlation between the methods of the parental care of the father and the child's entire self-esteem at the late childhood. 2- There is a correlation between the positive method of the father concerning the parental care and the child's entire self-esteem at the late childhood. It was significant at the indication level ( 0.01). 3- There is no correlation between the negative method of the parental care of the father the child's entire self-esteem. 4- There are no differences between children at the level of the entire self–esteem according to the gender variable.