This study was carried at Al Assad hospital, Lattakia. It is a retrospective study of uterine leiomyoma patients who had been accepted in the Department of Gynecology during the period between 1/6/2011 and 1/6/2013 . The study included 103 patients. We documented information for each patient: age, signs and symptoms, number of pregnancies and births, clinical and vaginal examination, ultrasound, blood tests: hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell values, and the type of surgical treatment. The prevalence of uterine leiomyoma in this study was 5.1%. The most clinical manifestation of uterine leiomyoma was abnormal uterine bleeding (63.1 %). Hemoglobin was less than 12 g / dL at 59.22% of cases. Hematocrit was less than 36% at 57.28 % of cases. This confirms that uterine leiomyoma patients are at high risk of anemia, (we depended on cut off point of WHO for hemoglobin and hematocrit), and the anemia is by iron deficiency because the average values of red blood cells were less than normal. Myomectomy is the surgical option among young women who want to reproduce or maintain menstruation, while abdominal and vaginal hysterectomy are surgical options for older women or who have completed their reproductive life .