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Register a new userLocal extraction of EPR entanglement from classical systems
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Added by
Dagomir Kaszlikowski
Publication date
2006
fields
Physics
and research's language is
English
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Coherent states with large amplitudes are traditionally thought of as the best quantum mechanical approximation of classical behavior. Here we argue that, far from being classical, coherent state are in fact highly entangled. We demonstrate this by showing that a general system of indistinguishable bosons in a coherent state can be used to entangle, by local interactions, two spatially separated and distinguishable non-interacting quantum systems. Entanglement can also be extracted in the same way from number states or any other nontrivial superpositions of them.
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We experimentally show how classical correlations can be turned into quantum entanglement, via the presence of non-unital local noise and the action of a CNOT gate. We first implement a simple two-qubit protocol in which entanglement production is not possible in the absence of local non-unital noise, while entanglement arises with the introduction of noise, and is proportional to the degree of noisiness. We then perform a more elaborate four-qubit experiment, by employing two hyperentangled photons initially carrying only classical correlations. We demonstrate a scheme where the entanglement is generated via local non-unital noise, with the advantage to be robust against local unitaries performed by an adversary.
We study the `local entanglement remaining after filtering operations corresponding to imperfect measurements performed by one or both parties, such that the parties can only determine whether or not the system is located in some region of space. The local entanglement in pure states of general bipartite multidimensional continuous-variable systems can be completely determined through simple expressions. We apply our approach to semiclassical WKB systems, multi-dimensional harmonic oscillators, and a hydrogen atom as three examples.
The successful employment of high-dimensional quantum correlations and its integration in telecommunication infrastructures is vital in cutting-edge quantum technologies for increasing robustness and key generation rate. Position-momentum Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entanglement of photon pairs are a promising resource of such high-dimensional quantum correlations. Here, we experimentally certify EPR correlations of photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) in a nonlinear crystal with type-0 phase-matching at telecom wavelength for the first time. To experimentally observe EPR entanglement, we perform scanning measurements in the near- and far-field planes of the signal and idler modes. We certify EPR correlations with high statistical significance of up to 45 standard deviations. Furthermore, we determine the entanglement of formation of our source to be greater than one, which gives evidence for the the high-dimensional entanglement between the photons. Operating at telecom wavelengths around 1550 nm, our source is compatible with todays deployed telecommunication infrastructure, thus paving the way for integrating sources of high-dimensional entanglement into quantum-communication infrastructures.
Entanglement is the defining feature of quantum mechanics, and understanding the phenomenon is essential at the foundational level and for future progress in quantum technology. The concept of steering was introduced in 1935 by Schrodinger as a generalization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox. Surprisingly, it has only recently been formalized as a quantum information task with arbitrary bipartite states and measurements, for which the existence of entanglement is necessary but not sufficient. Previous experiments in this area have been restricted to the approach of Reid [PRA 40, 913], which followed the original EPR argument in considering only two different measurement settings per side. Here we implement more than two settings so as to be able to demonstrate experimentally, for the first time, that EPR-steering occurs for mixed entangled states that are Bell-local (that is, which cannot possibly demonstrate Bell-nonlocality). Unlike the case of Bell inequalities, increasing the number of measurement settings beyond two--we use up to six--dramatically increases the robustness of the EPR-steering phenomenon to noise.
Criteria suitable for measuring entanglement between two different potential wells in a Bose- Einstein condensation (BEC) are evaluated. We show how to generate the required entanglement, utilizing either an adiabatic two-mode or dynamic four-mode interaction strategy, with techniques that take advantage of s-wave scattering interactions to provide the nonlinear coupling. The dynamic entanglement method results in an entanglement signature with spatially separated detectors, as in the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox.
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