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Register a new userThree-dimensional visualisation of tracks in OPERA nuclear emulsion films
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Authors
Jerome Damet
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The possibility of a three-dimensional visualisation/reconstruction of tracks in nuclear emulsion films using X-ray imaging is described in this paper. The feasibility of the technique is established with experimental results.
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The OPERA experiment aims at measuring the u_{mu} -> u_{tau} oscillation through the u_{tau} appearance in an almost pure u_{mu} beam (CNGS). For the direct identification of the short-lived {tau} lepton, produced in u_{tau} CC interactions, a micrometric detection resolution is needed. Therefore the OPERA detector makes use of nuclear emulsion films, the highest spatial resolution tracking device, combined with lead plates in an emulsion cloud chamber (ECC) structure called brick. In this paper the nuclear emulsion analysis chain is reported; the strategy and the algorithms set up will be described together with their performances.
The OPERA experiment, designed to conclusively prove the existence of $rm u_mu to u_tau$ oscillations in the atmospheric sector, makes use of a massive lead-nuclear emulsion target to observe the appearance of $rm u_tau$s in the CNGS $rm u_mu$ beam. The location and analysis of the neutrino interactions in quasi real-time required the development of fast computer-controlled microscopes able to reconstruct particle tracks with sub-micron precision and high efficiency at a speed of 20 cm^2 / h. This paper describes the performance in particle track reconstruction of the European Scanning System, a novel automatic microscope for the measurement of emulsion films developed for OPERA.
Application of the nuclear track emulsion technique (NTE) in radioactivity and nuclear fission studies is discussed. It is suggested to use a HSP-1000 automated microscope for searching for a collinear cluster tri-partition of heavy nuclei implanted in NTE. Calibrations of $alpha $-particles and ion ranges in a novel NTE are carried out. Surface exposures of NTE samples to a ${}^{252}$Cf source started. Planar events containing fragments and long-range $alpha $-particles as well as fragment triples only are studied. NTE samples are calibrated by ions Kr and Xe of energy of 1.2 and 3 A MeV.
We propose an innovative method for proton radiography based on nuclear emulsion film detectors, a technique in which images are obtained by measuring the position and the residual range of protons passing through the patients body. For this purpose, nuclear emulsion films interleaved with tissue equivalent absorbers can be used to reconstruct proton tracks with very high accuracy. This is performed through a fully automated scanning procedure employing optical microscopy, routinely used in neutrino physics experiments. Proton radiography can be used in proton therapy to obtain direct information on the average tissue density for treatment planning optimization and to perform imaging with very low dose to the patient. The first prototype of a nuclear emulsion based detector has been conceived, constructed and tested with a therapeutic proton beam. The first promising experimental results have been obtained by imaging simple phantoms.
We present results from the first measurement of axial range components of fiducialized neutron induced nuclear recoil tracks using the DRIFT directional dark matter detector. Nuclear recoil events are fiducialized in the DRIFT experiment using temporal charge carrier separations between different species of anions in 30:10:1 Torr of CS$_2$:CF$_4$:O$_2$ gas mixture. For this measurement, neutron-induced nuclear recoil tracks were generated by exposing the detector to $^{252}$Cf source from different directions. Using these events, the sensitivity of the detector to the expected axial directional signatures were investigated as the neutron source was moved from one detector axis to another. Results obtained from these measurements show clear sensitivity of the DRIFT detector to the axial directional signatures in this fiducialization gas mode.
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