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Register a new userRecent Developments in relativistic models for exclusive (e,ep) reactions
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A comparison of impulse approximation calculations for the (e,ep) reaction, based on the Dirac equation and the Schrodinger one is presented. Trivial (kinematics) differences are indicated, as well as how to remove them from the standard nonrelativistic formalism. Signatures of the relativistic approach are found where the enhancement of the lower components (spinor distortion or negative energy contributions) modifies TL observables with respect to the nonrelativistic predictions, what seems to be confirmed by the experiment. Finally, the relativistic approach is used to analyze several experiments for the reaction 16O(e,ep)15N taken at values of Q^2 from 0.2 to 0.8 (GeV/c)^2, not finding a significant Q^2 dependence of the scale factors over this range.
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Electron-induced one-nucleon knock-out observables are computed for moderate to high momentum transfer making use of semi-relativistic expressions for the one-body and two-body meson-exchange current matrix elements. Emphasis is placed on the semi-relativistic form of the $Delta$-isobar exchange current and several prescriptions for the dynamical-equivalent form of the $Delta$-propagator are analyzed. To this end, the inclusive transverse response function, evaluated within the context of the semi-relativistic approach and using different prescriptions for the $Delta$-propagator, is compared with the fully relativistic calculation performed within the scheme of the relativistic Fermi gas model. It is found that the best approximation corresponds to using the traditional static $Delta$-propagator. These semi-relativistic approaches, which contain important aspects of relativity, are implemented in a distorted wave analysis of quasielastic $(e,ep)$ reactions. Final state interactions are incorporated through a phenomenological optical potential model and relativistic kinematics is assumed when calculating the energy of the ejected nucleon. The results indicate that meson exchange currents may modify substantially the $TL$ asymmetry for high missing momentum.
Recent JLab experimental data on quasi elastic 3He(e,ep)2H(pn) and 4He(e,ep)3H processes are interpreted using an approach based upon realistic wave functions and Glauber multiple scattering theory within a generalized eikonal approximation (GEA). The results of a non factorized calculation of the left-right asymmetry A_{TL} of the process 3He(e,ep)2H, obtained using the full covariant form of the electromagnetic operator, are also presented.
The nuclear fusion is a reaction to form a compound nucleus. It plays an important role in several circumstances in nuclear physics as well as in nuclear astrophysics, such as synthesis of superheavy elements and nucleosynthesis in stars. Here we discuss two recent theoretical developments in heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies around the Coulomb barrier. The first topic is a generalization of the Wong formula for fusion cross sections in a single-channel problem. By introducing an energy dependence to the barrier parameters, we show that the generalized formula leads to results practically indistinguishable from a full quantal calculation, even for light symmetric systems such as $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C, for which fusion cross sections show an oscillatory behavior. We then discuss a semi-microscopic modeling of heavy-ion fusion reactions, which combine the coupled-channels approach to the state-of-the-art nuclear structure calculations for low-lying collective motions. We apply this method to subbarrier fusion reactions of $^{58}$Ni+$^{58}$Ni and $^{40}$Ca+$^{58}$Ni systems, and discuss the role of anharmonicity of the low-lying vibrational motions.
Whereas a nonrelativistic distorted wave model fails to quantitatively describe analyzing power data for exclusive proton-induced proton-knockout from the 3s_{1/2} state in Pb-208 at 202 MeV, the corresponding relativistic prediction provides a perfect description, thus suggesting that the Dirac equation is the more appropriate underlying dynamical equation. We check the consistency of this rsult by comparing predictions for both dynamical models to new high resolution data for 3s_{1/2} knockout in Pb-208 at a higher incident energy of 392 MeV.
The possibility to extract relevant information on spectroscopic factors from (e,e$$p) reactions at high $Q^2$ is studied. Recent ${}^{16}$O(e,e$$p) data at $Q^2 = 0.8$ (GeV/$c)^2$ are compared to a theoretical approach which includes an eikonal description of the final-state interaction of the proton, a microscopic nuclear matter calculation of the damping of this proton, and high-quality quasihole wave functions for $p$-shell nucleons in ${}^{16}{rm O}$. Good agreement with the $Q^2 = 0.8$ (GeV/$c)^2$ data is obtained when spectroscopic factors are employed which are identical to those required to describe earlier low $Q^2$ experiments.
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