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Register a new userSpin correlations in $vec{p}vec{p}to pnpi^{+}$ pion production near threshold
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A first measurement of longitudinal as well as transverse spin correlation coefficients for the reaction $vec{p}vec{p}to pnpi^+$ was made using a polarized proton target and a polarized proton beam. We report kinematically complete measurements for this reaction at 325, 350, 375 and 400 MeV beam energy. The spin correlation coefficients $A_{xx}+A_{yy}, A_{xx}-A_{yy}, A_{zz}, A_{xz},$ and the analyzing power $A_{y},$ as well as angular distributions for $sigma(theta_{pi})$ and the polarization observables $A_{ij}(theta_{pi})$ were extracted. Partial wave cross sections for dominant transition channels were obtained from a partial wave analysis that included the transitions with final state angular momenta of $lleq 1$. The measurements of the ${vec{p}vec{p}to pnpi^{+}}$ polarization observables are compared with the predictions from the Julich meson exchange model. The agreement is very good at 325 MeV, but it deteriorates increasingly for the higher energies. At all energies agreement with the model is better than for the reaction ${vec{p}vec{p}to pppi^{0}}$.
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The spin correlation coefficent combinations A_{xx}+A_{yy} and A_{xx}-A_{yy}, the spin correlation coefficients A_{xz} and A_{zz}, and the analyzing power were measured for vec p vec p --> d pi^+ between center-of-mass angles 25 deg leq theta leq 65 deg at beam energies of 350.5, 375.0 and 400.0 MeV. The experiment was carried out with a polarized internal target and a stored, polarized beam. Non-vertical beam polarization needed for the measurement of A_{zz} was obtained by the use of solenoidal spin rotators. Near threshold, only a few partial waves contribute, and pion s- and p-waves dominate with a possible small admixture of d-waves. Certain combinations of the observables reported here are a direct measure of these d-waves. The d-wave contributions are found to be negligible even at 400.0 MeV.
Results are presented from data recorded in 2009 by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider for the double-longitudinal spin asymmetry, $A_{LL}$, for $pi^0$ and $eta$ production in $sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV polarized $p$$+$$p$ collisions. Comparison of the $pi^0$ results with different theory expectations based on fits of other published data showed a preference for small positive values of gluon polarization, $Delta G$, in the proton in the probed Bjorken $x$ range. The effect of adding the new 2009 pz data to a recent global analysis of polarized scattering data is also shown, resulting in a best fit value $Delta G^{[0.05,0.2]}_{mbox{DSSV}} = 0.06^{+0.11}_{-0.15}$ in the range $0.05<x<0.2$, with the uncertainty at $Delta chi^2 = 9$ when considering only statistical experimental uncertainties. Shifting the PHENIX data points by their systematic uncertainty leads to a variation of the best-fit value of $Delta G^{[0.05,0.2]}_{mbox{DSSV}}$ between $0.02$ and $0.12$, demonstrating the need for full treatment of the experimental systematic uncertainties in future global analyses.
The effects of multi-photon-exchange and other higher-order QED corrections on elastic electron-proton scattering have been a subject of high experimental and theoretical interest since the polarization transfer measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio $G_E^p/G_M^p$ at large momentum transfer $Q^2$ conclusively established the strong decrease of this ratio with $Q^2$ for $Q^2 gtrsim 1$ GeV$^2$. This result is incompatible with previous extractions of this quantity from cross section measurements using the Rosenbluth Separation technique. Much experimental attention has been focused on extracting the two-photon exchange (TPE) effect through the unpolarized $e^+p/e^-p$ cross section ratio, but polarization transfer in polarized elastic scattering can also reveal evidence of hard two-photon exchange. Furthermore, it has a different sensitivity to the generalized TPE form factors, meaning that measurements provide new information that cannot be gleaned from unpolarized scattering alone. Both $epsilon$-dependence of polarization transfer at fixed $Q^2$, and deviations between electron-proton and positron-proton scattering are key signatures of hard TPE. A polarized positron beam at Jefferson Lab would present a unique opportunity to make the first measurement of positron polarization transfer, and comparison with electron-scattering data would place valuable constraints on hard TPE. Here, we propose a measurement program in Hall A that combines the Super BigBite Spectrometer for measuring recoil proton polarization, with a non-magnetic calorimetric detector for triggering on elastically scattered positrons. Though the reduced beam current of the positron beam will restrict the kinematic reach, this measurement will have very small systematic uncertainties, making it a clean probe of TPE.
Polarization transfer in the 4He(e,ep)3H reaction at a Q^2 of 0.4 (GeV/c)^2 was measured at the Mainz Microtron MAMI. The ratio of the transverse to the longitudinal polarization components of the ejected protons was compared with the same ratio for elastic ep scattering. The results are consistent with a recent fully relativistic calculation which includes a predicted medium modification of the proton form factor based on a quark-meson coupling model.
Beam-recoil transferred polarizations for the exclusive $vec{e}p to eK^+ vec{Lambda},vec{Sigma}^0$ reactions have been measured using the CLAS spectrometer at Jefferson Laboratory. New measurements have been completed at beam energies of 4.261 and 5.754 GeV that span a range of momentum transfer $Q^2$ from 0.7 to 5.4 GeV$^2$, invariant energy $W$ from 1.6 to 2.6 GeV, and the full center-of-mass angular range of the $K^+$ meson. These new data add to the existing CLAS $K^+Lambda$ measurements at 2.567 GeV, and provide the first-ever data for the $K^+Sigma^0$ channel in electroproduction. Comparisons of the data with several theoretical models are used to study the sensitivity to s-channel resonance contributions and the underlying reaction mechanism. Interpretations within two semi-classical partonic models are made to probe the underlying reaction mechanism and the $sbar{s}$ quark-pair creation dynamics.
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