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Magnetic catalysis of parity breaking in a massive Gross-Neveu model and high-temperature superconductivity

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 Added by Zhukovsk
 Publication date 2000
  fields Physics
and research's language is English




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In the framework of a (2+1)-dimensional P-even massive Gross-Neveu model, an external magnetic field is shown to induce a parity breaking first order phase transition. Possibility of applying the results obtained to description of magnetic phase transitions in high-temperature superconductors is discussed.



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We consider the 3-dimensional massive Gross-Neveu model at finite temperature as an effective theory for strong interactions. Using the Matsubara imaginary time formalism, we derive a closed form for the renormalized $T$-dependent four-point function. This gives a singularity, suggesting a phase transition. Considering the free energy we obtain the $T$-dependent mass, which goes to zero for some temperature. These results lead us to the conclusion that there is a second-order phase transition.
We renormalize the SU(N) Gross-Neveu model in the modified minimal subtraction (MSbar) scheme at four loops and determine the beta-function at this order. The theory ceases to be multiplicatively renormalizable when dimensionally regularized due to the generation of evanescent 4-fermi operators. The first of these appears at three loops and we correctly take their effect into account in deriving the renormalization group functions. We use the results to provide estimates of critical exponents relevant to phase transitions in graphene.
We use the linear $delta$ expansion, or optimized perturbation theory, to evaluate the effective potential for the two dimensional Gross-Neveu model at finite temperature and density obtaining analytical equations for the critical temperature, chemical potential and fermionic mass which include finite $N$ corrections. Our results seem to improve over the traditional large-N predictions.
The large N limit of the 3-d Gross-Neveu model is here studied on manifolds with positive and negative constant curvature. Using the $zeta$-function regularization we analyze the critical properties of this model on the spaces $S^2 times S^1$ and $H^2times S^1$. We evaluate the free energy density, the spontaneous magnetization and the correlation length at the ultraviolet fixed point. The limit $S^1to R$, which is interpreted as the zero temperature limit, is also studied.
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