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Register a new userMagnetic monopole searches in the cosmic radiation
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Authors
Ivan De Mitri
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There has been a big effort in the past twenty years with at least a couple of generations of experiments which searched for supermassive GUT magnetic monopoles in the cosmic radiation. Here a short review of these searches is given, together with a brief description of the theoretical framework and of the detection techniques.
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The bibliography compilation on magnetic monopoles is updated to include references from 2000 till mid 2011. It is intended to contain all experimental papers on the subject and only the theoretical papers which have specific experimental implications.
The SLIM experiment was a large array of nuclear track detectors located at the Chacaltaya high altitude Laboratory (5230 m a.s.l.). The detector was in particular sensitive to Intermediate Mass Magnetic Monopoles, with masses 10^5 < M <10^{12} GeV. From the analysis of the full detector exposed for more than 4 years a flux upper limit of 1.3 x 10^{-15} cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} for downgoing fast Intermediate Mass Monopoles was established at the 90% C.L.
Inspired by the geometrical methods allowing the introduction of mechanical systems confined in the plane and endowed with exotic galilean symmetry, we resort to the Lagrange-Souriau 2-form formalism, in order to look for a wide class of 3D systems, involving not commuting and/or not canonical variables, but possessing geometric as well gauge symmetries in position and momenta space too. As a paradigmatic example, a charged particle simultaneously interacting with a magnetic monopole and a dual monopole in momenta space is considered. The main features of the motions, conservation laws and the analogies with the planar case are discussed. Possible physical realizations of the model are proposed.
In many cosmologies dark matter clusters on sub-kiloparsec scales and forms compact subhalos, in which the majority of Galactic dark matter could reside. Null results in direct detection experiments since their advent four decades ago could then be the result of extremely rare encounters between the Earth and these subhalos. We investigate alternative and promising means to identify subhalo dark matter interacting with Standard Model particles: (1) subhalo collisions with old neutron stars can transfer kinetic energy and brighten the latter to luminosities within the reach of imminent infrared, optical, and ultraviolet telescopes; we identify new detection strategies involving single-star measurements and Galactic disk surveys, and obtain the first bounds on self-interacting dark matter in subhalos from the coldest known pulsar, PSR J2144-3933, (2) subhalo dark matter scattering with cosmic rays results in detectable effects, (3) historic Earth-subhalo encounters can leave dark matter tracks in paleolithic minerals deep underground. These searches could discover dark matter subhalos weighing between gigaton and solar masses, with corresponding dark matter cross sections and masses spanning tens of orders of magnitude.
We present simulations of one magnetic monopole interacting with multiple magnetic singularities. Three-dimensional plots of the energy density are constructed from explicit solutions to the Bogomolny equation obtained by Blair, Cherkis, and Durcan. Animations follow trajectories derived from collective coordinate mechanics on the multi-centered Taub--NUT monopole moduli space. We supplement our numerical results with a complete analytic treatment of the single-defect case.
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